棉花种质资源抗旱性评价  

The Drought Resistance Evaluation of Cotton Germplasm Resources

作　　者：刘鹏鹏[1] 陈全家[1] 曲延英[1] 刘光辉[1] 张海燕[1] 王海标[1] 冯文林[1] 高文伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学/农业生物技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第11期1961-1969,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2012AA101108-05);国家自然科学基金(31060151)

摘　　要：【目的】研究棉花品种(系)对干旱胁迫的反应程度,综合评价各棉花品种(系)抗旱性,挖掘抗旱性强的种质资源。【方法】试验选择37个棉花品种设干旱胁迫和正常灌水2个处理,成熟期考查与抗旱性相关的农艺性状,采用综合抗旱系数与隶属函数相结合的方法,对各品种抗旱性进行分级评价。【结果】各棉花品种农艺性状对干旱胁迫的反应程度存在差异,从变异系数来看始节高和铃数反应最为敏感,衣分反应最迟钝;根据抗旱性量度值(D值)的聚类结果,将供试棉花品种划分为3个大类,其中1级抗旱型32份,2级3份,3级1份;1级中又分为4个小类,其中强抗2份、抗5份、中抗23份、弱抗2份。【结论】采用综合抗旱系数、抗旱指数及隶属函数相结合的方法,综合评价了棉花种质资源的抗旱性,筛选出了一部分各项指标显示抗旱性较强的品种,增加了评价结果的准确性,避免了单一指标的评价结果存在的偏差,揭示了各性状指标与抗旱性的关系。[ Objective ] To understand the response degree to drought stress of 37 cotton varieties, comprehensively evaluate the cotton drought resistance and excavate the drought resistance of germplasm resources. [ Method ] Under drought stress and normal water treatment, the agronomic traits associated with drought resistance were examined at the stage of mature, and subordinate function coefficients were adopted to evaluate the comprehensive drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance levels of different varieties. [ Result] The agronomic traits of cotton varieties response to drought stress level existed differently. From the perspective of variable coefficient, the previous section and the bell number were the most sensitive to drought stress and the ginning outturn was the muzziest; According to the clustering results of drought resistance measurement value （D value）, the tested cotton could be divided into three types： drought resistant type 1,2 and 3. Type 1 further included 32 cotton varieties, type 2 had 3 cotton varieties, type 3 had 1 cotton variety; The fist type could be divided into four small grades ：2 were strong resistance types, 5 resistance types, 23 moderate resistance ones and 2 weak resistance ones. [ Conclusion ] Some strong drought resistance varieties were selected, which increased the accuracy of the results of assessment and avoided the limitations of single index, and better reveal the relationship between characters and drought resistance.

关 键 词：棉花 农艺性状 抗旱性评价 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S503.52