家兔胸部弥漫性彗星尾征模型的建立  

Establishment of chest diffuse comet-tail sign model in rabbits

作　　者：闫丹丹[1] 张丹[1] 李燕东[1] 张岚[1] 孟焱[1] 翟林[1] 邢锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属复兴医院超声影像科,北京100038

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2014年第24期102-105,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的建立油酸型急性肺损伤动物模型,探讨胸部弥漫性彗星尾征的临床价值。方法雌性日本大耳白兔19只,1 ml/kg 3%戊巴比妥钠经耳缘静脉麻醉后仰卧位固定于兔台,胸部备皮。将双侧前胸壁分为上、下肺区,共四区;经胸部超声检查留取四区的正常胸部声像图。按0.1 ml/kg油酸经耳缘静脉一次性注入后即开始计时,动态观察四个肺区的彗星尾征出现的时间、数量,并存储图像,直至1 h结束。结果 18只家兔出现胸部弥漫性彗星尾征,模型制作成功率为94.7%。注入油酸后,胸部声像图为短小彗星尾征、孤立彗星尾征、轻度弥漫性彗星尾征、中度弥漫性彗星尾征、重度弥漫性彗星尾征(瀑布征),出现的时间为:(5.36±2.16)min,(7.11±2.67)min,(10.94±5.94)min,(28.64±12.04)min,(46.40±5.59)min;短小彗星尾征是急性肺损伤最早出现的声像图表现。至1 h观察结束时,上肺区主要表现为轻度弥漫性彗星尾征,下肺区主要表现为中度弥漫性彗星尾征。结论 0.1 ml/kg油酸经耳缘静脉一次性注射即可快速复制家兔胸部弥漫性彗星尾征模型;模型成功的标志为注入油酸1 h内出现弥漫性彗星尾征;短小彗星尾征是急性肺损伤最早出现的声像图表现,可作为提示急性肺损伤的早期声像图指征,为临床及早预防急性肺损伤提供重要参考价值。Objective To establish oleic acid acute lung injury animal model and investigate clinical value of chest diffuse comet-tail sign. Methods Nineteen adult female Japanese big ear rabbits were anesthetized via ear marginal vein（1 ml/kg 3% sodium pentobarbital） and fixed on the rabbit platform in supine position, then the chest skin preparation was operated. The bilateral anterior chest wall were divided into upper and lower lung zone, a total of four regions. Transthoracic ultrasound taked normal chest ultrasonography of the four regions. 0.1 ml/kg oleic acid were injected disposable via ear marginal vein, the observer started timing, observed dynamic time and quantity about comet-tail sign of the four lung regions and stored images until 1 hour. Results 18 rabbits occurred chest diffuse comet-tail sign, the success rate of model making was 94.7%. After the injection of oleic acid, chest ultrasonography： short comet-tail sign, isolated comet-tail sign, mild diffuse comet-tail sign, moderate diffuse comet-tail sign and severe diffuse comet-tail sign（falls sign）, the time they appear：（5.36±2.16）min,（7.11±2.67）min,（10.94±5.94）min,（28.64±12.04）min,（46.40±5.59）min. Short comet-tail sign is the most early sonographic manifestation of acute lung injury. Until the end of 1 hour, upper lung region was characterized by mild diffuse comet-tail sign, lower lung region was characterized by moderate diffuse-comet tail sign. Conclusions The injection of 0.1ml/kg oleic acid via ear marginal vein can rapidly replicate chest diffuse comet-tail sign model in rabbits, appearance of diffuse comet-tail sign in an hour after injection of oleic acid mean model＇s success. Short comet-tail sign is the most early sonographic manifestation of acute lung injury, can be used as the early sonographic signs prompting acute lung injury, and provide important reference value for the clinical prevention of acute lung injury.

关 键 词：兔 模型 动物 胸部超声 彗星尾征 急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R-332[医药卫生—内科学]