姿态变化对星载光电成像系统探测能力的影响  

Influence of Attitude Variation on the Detection Ability of Satellite Photoelectric Imaging System

作　　者：杨露[1] 牛燕雄[1] 吕建明[1] 张颖[1] 刘雯文[1] 李建平[1] 牛海莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《光学学报》2014年第12期279-285,共7页Acta Optica Sinica

摘　　要：为研究卫星目标姿态变化对星载光电成像系统探测能力的影响,对0.38-0.78μm谱段内的可见光辐射目标进行了数值模拟研究。以基本辐射理论为基础,建立了卫星目标光学观测的可见光反射特性模型。根据目标的几何结构和材料特性,分析了姿态变化与目标有效入射截面积的关系,推导了探测能力与信噪比（SNR）的计算公式,数值模拟研究了姿态变化对探测能力的影响。研究结果表明,信噪比与探测距离均表现出很强的方向性,呈周期性变化,2.2m×2.7m的太阳帆板的信噪比与探测距离最大差值达到101及105 km量级,高12m、直径4m的卫星本体的最大差值达到102及106 km量级,目标姿态变化对探测能力具有显著影响。In order to study the influence of satellite attitude variation on the detection ability of the satellite photoelectric imaging system, the targets in 0.38 - 0.78 Vm spectrum of visible light radiation are calculated. The visible light reflectance model of the space-based optical observation is established on the basis of basic radiation theory. According to the geometric structure and material properties of the target, the influence of attitude variation on the area of effective incident section is analyzed. The formulas of the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and detection distance are derived, the influence of attitude variation on the detection capability is numerically simulated. The calculation results indicate that when the attitude changes over a period of time, to the 2.2 m ~ 2.7 m solar panel, the maximum difference of SNR and detection distance can reach 10~ and l0skm respectively with strong directionality, and to the satellite with 12 m high and 4 m diameter, the maximum difference can reach 102 and lOs km respectively. Attitude variation has a significant impact on the detection ability.

关 键 词：光学器件 空间目标 姿态变化 探测能力 信噪比 探测距离 

分 类 号：O432.1[机械工程—光学工程] O435.1[理学—光学]