广州地区腹泻患者轮状病毒感染的流行病学研究  

Epidemiological investigation of rotavirus infections in diarrhea patients in Guangzhou area

作　　者：黄海樱[1] 陈波[1] 周强[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第二医院检验科,广东广州510260

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第1期5-7,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金资助项目(A2012256)

摘　　要：目的：了解广州地区患者腹泻中轮状病毒（RV）感染与性别、年龄、季节的关系以及 RV感染率现状，为临床诊断、治疗和预防提供可靠实验数据。方法收集医院2010年1月－2012年12月住院和门诊的腹泻患者粪便标本2164份，采用免疫层析双抗体夹心法进行A组轮状病毒（RV）抗原检测，并比较分析检测数据。结果2164份腹泻标本有684份RV阳性，总阳性率为31．61％，其中男性阳性率为31．07％、女性阳性率为32．37％，两者阳性率差异无统计学意义；6月龄～1岁腹泻患者阳性率可高达38．74％，占55．56％，1～2岁腹泻患者阳性率31．92％，占14．33％，2～3岁腹泻患者阳性率33．73％，占8．19％；以每年秋冬季节10、11、12和1月份为发病高峰，占83．33％。结论轮状病毒是患者腹泻的主要病原体之一，男女患者阳性率差异无统计学意义，6月龄～3岁患者是轮状病毒的易感人群，以秋冬季节为 RV流行高峰。OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the rotavirus （RV）infections in the diarrhea pa-tients in Guangzhou area and the genders,age,and seasons and observe the current status of RV infections so as to provide reliable experimental data for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the RV infections. METHODS A total of 2 164 stool specimens were collected from the diarrhea patients who were treated in the inpa-tient and outpatient departments from Jan 2010 to Dec 2012;the immunochromatography double antibody sand-wich method was employed to detect the antigen in group A RV,and the test data were observed and compared. RESULTS Of the 2 164 specimens collected from the diarrhea patients,684 were tested positive for RV with the total positive rate of 31.61%,the positive rate was 31.07% in the male patients,32.37% in the female patients, and there was no significant difference in the positive rate between the two.The positive rate reached up to 38.74% in the diarrhea patients aged between 6 months and 1 year old,with the constituent ratio of 55.56%, 31.92% in the diarrhea patients aged between 1 and 2 years old,with the constituent ratio of 14.33%,33.73% in the diarrhea patients aged between 2 and 3 years old,with the constituent ratio of 8.19%.The cases of RV infec-tion reached the peak in Oct,Nov,Dec,or Jan of autumn and winter,accounting for 83.33%.CONCLUSION The RV is one of the major pathogens causing diarrhea,and there is no significant difference in the positive rate be-tween the male patients and the female patients.The patients aged between 6 months and 3 years old are the popu-lation at high risk of RV infection,and the autumn and winter are the peak seasons of prevalence of RV.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 腹泻 免疫层析 粪便 双抗体夹心法 

分 类 号：R373[医药卫生—病原生物学]