小儿神经系统疾病医院感染调查分析与预防  

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infections in children with neurological diseases and prevention countermeasures

作　　者：王红祥 张汶 陈建娥 黄正国 金信才 陈海华 

机构地区：[1]富阳市人民医院神经内科,浙江杭州311400 [2]富阳市人民医院儿科,浙江杭州311400 [3]富阳市人民医院院感科,浙江杭州311400 [4]绍兴市中心医院儿科,浙江绍兴325000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第1期230-231,234,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生基金资助项目(10439763)

摘　　要：目的分析小儿神经系统疾病医院感染情况,为感染的预防提供客观依据。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2013年6月的100例神经系统疾病患儿的临床资料,统计患儿医院感染率。结果 100例患儿中13例出现医院感染,医院感染率13.00%;感染患儿的基础疾病以病毒性脑膜炎为主,占18.51%;感染部位以上呼吸道、胃肠道和下呼吸道为主,分别占38.46%、23.08%、23.08%;住院>10d患儿的医院感染率为15.91%,≤10d为10.71%;白细胞数低下患儿感染率为21.05%,白细胞正常患儿感染率为8.06%;营养状态较差患儿感染率为25.00%,营养一般为9.88%;不同住院时间、白细胞数、营养状态患儿医院感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿神经系统疾病医院感染率较高,为降低感染率医院应早诊断、早治疗、合理使用药物、严格消毒器械物品、坚持无菌操作。OBJECTIVE To analyze the incidence of nosocomial infections in the children with neurological diseases so as to provide guidance for prevention of infections.METHODS The clinical data of 100 children with neurological diseases who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Jun 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,and the inci-dence of nosocomial infections was statistically analyzed.RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 13 of 100 children,with the incidence of nosocomial infections of 13.00%.Among the children with infections complicated with underlying diseases,the children with viral meningitis were dominant,accounting for 18.51%.Of the chil-dren with infections,the children with upper respiratory tract infections accounted for 38.46%,the children with gastrointestinal tract infections 23.08%,the children with lower respiratory tract infections 23.08%.The inci-dence of nosocomial infections was 15.91% in the children with the length of hospital stay more than 10 days, 10.71% in the children with the length of hospital stay no more than 10 days;the incidence of nosocomial infec-tions was 21.05% in the children with low white blood cells counts,8.06% in the children with normal white blood cells counts;the incidence of nosocomial infections was 25.00% in the children with malnutrition,9.88% in the children with general nutrition;there was significant difference in the incidence of nosocomial infections among the patients with different length of hospital stay,white blood cells counts,or nutrition status （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections is high in the children with neurological diseases.It is neces-sary for the hospital to carry out the early diagnosis and treatment,reasonably use antibiotics,strictly conduct the disinfection of instruments,and adhere to the aseptic operation so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infec-tions.

关 键 词：小儿神经系统疾病 医院感染 预防对策 

分 类 号：R722.13[医药卫生—儿科]