提高整杆式小型甘蔗收割机喂入能力的试验研究  

Improving the feeding ability of small whole stalk sugarcane harvester

作　　者：沈中华[1] 李尚平[2] 麻芳兰[3] 韦荣发 高建立[3] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学轻工与食品工程学院,南宁市530004 [2]广西钦州学院,广西钦州535003 [3]广西大学机械学院,南宁市530004

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2015年第1期31-36,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家科技部科技人员服务企业项目(2009GJE10008);广西区科技攻关项目(桂科攻0992002-18);广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室科研项目(09-007-05S019)

摘　　要：当前我国整杆式甘蔗收割机收获时存在的主要问题是堵塞严重、含杂率高、切割质量差、生产效率低等。通过理论分析表明机收时甘蔗的重叠量与甘蔗喂入速度、甘蔗种植密度和甘蔗植株高度有直接关系,提高甘蔗的喂入速度可以减小甘蔗的重叠量,减少甘蔗收割机出现堵塞的概率。为提高切断后甘蔗的喂入速度,该文对自制的整杆式甘蔗收割机的切割及喂入系统等进行了改进并进行了田间试验。田间试验表明,改进后样机工作时甘蔗宿根破头率由原来的8.7%降低为4.7%,蔗茎头部的完好率由原来的50.0%提高到了61.4%,含杂率由4.1%降低为2.9%,生产效率由原来5.5t/h提高到9.8t/h。Currently the main problems of small whole stalk sugar cane harvester in China are serious blocking, lower cutting quality, less efficiency and higher impurity during harvesting. Theoretical analysis indicated the amounts of overlap sugarcanes were directly related to the feeding speed, planting height and density of the sugar cane. The forward speed of sugar cane harvester should base on plant density and the height of sugarcane during harvesting. Improving the feeding speed of sugar cane can reduce the amount of overlap sugarcanes, decrease the probability of blockage and improve the cutting quality, so the cutting system and feeding system were modified. In field trials, the stool damage rate reduced from 8.7% to 4.7%, the intact rate of sugar cane stalk head enhanced from 50.0% to 61.4%, trash content decreased from 4.19% to 2.86%, production efficiency raised from 5.5 t/h to 10.26 t/h. It can provide reference for improving the feeding ability of whole stalk sugar cane harvester.

关 键 词：整杆式甘蔗收割机 喂入能力 切割质量 试验 

分 类 号：S566.103[农业科学—作物学]