低温促进巴西橡胶树排胶的生理基础  

Physiological Basis of Prolongation of the Duration of Latex Flow Caused by Low Temperature in Rubber Tree(Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.)

作　　者：史敏晶[1] 程成[1] 田维敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所农业部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2015年第1期92-96,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31070535;No.31170642);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(No.CARS-34-GW1)

摘　　要：低温导致橡胶树的排胶时间过度延长(长流),影响到天然橡胶的高产稳产。目前对低温诱发长流的机制还不清楚。以排胶特性不同的橡胶树无性系RY8-79和PR107为实验材料,对冬季低温条件下胶乳的几个主要排胶生理参数进行了研究。结果表明:低温明显降低RY8-79和PR107胶乳黄色体的破裂指数和堵塞指数;明显升高硫醇以及过氧化氢的含量;胶乳排胶初速度和胶乳的p H值在2个品系中变化不明显。由此可见低温条件下胶乳中硫醇含量升高是促进橡胶树排胶时间延长的主要原因之一。该结果为深入阐明乳管堵塞机制和研发新型的排胶调节剂提供了参考依据。The excessive prolongation of the duration of latex flow caused by low temperature is unfavourable for sustainable development of natural rubber production. To elucidate the mechanism for low temperature-caused prolongation of the duration of latex flow, changes in several physiological parameters of latex from rubber tree clones, Reyan8-79 and PR107, were analyzed. The results showed that, under natural lower temperature conditions, the lutoid bursting index and plugging index of laticifer descended obviously, the initial velocity of latex flow and pH value of latex remained stable whereas the level of mercaptan and H202 rised dramatically for either rubber tree clone RY8-79 or PRI07. The changed parameters were also clone characteristic. It is concluded that elevation of the mercaptan content in latex was a key factor with close relationship with cold-caused prolongation of the duration of latex flow.

关 键 词：巴西橡胶树 低温 硫醇 黄色体破裂指数 生理参数 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]