非同步导叶预开启开度对水泵水轮机启动过程影响  

Effect of different openings of pre-opened guide vanes on start-up process of pump-turbine

作　　者：陈铁军[1,2] 郭鹏程[1] 左志钢[2] 李晓鹏 罗兴锜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048 [2]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电国家重点实验室,北京100084 [3]中石化胜利油田电力管理总公司中区供电公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2015年第1期203-206,214,共5页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51339005);水沙科学和水利水电工程国家重点实验室资助(sklhse-2011-E-02)

摘　　要：为研究非同步导叶(MGV)的预开启开度对于水泵水轮机"S"特性的影响,选取有明显"S"特性的抽蓄电站建立水泵水轮机模型机组水力模型。为了给选择预开启导叶开度提供依据以及了解其对"S"特性的影响,采用湍流模型对水泵水轮机非同步导叶"S"特性区进行模拟,使用三维、不可压缩流体来模拟内流场和外特性。基于SIMPLEC算法来修正计算流场,使用二阶迎风格式对方程组进行离散求解。结合试验数据进行对比验证。通过内流场和外特性分析发现:采用MGV可以有效地阻止水泵水轮机进入水轮机制动工况;随着预开启导叶开度的增大,流动不均匀性更加明显,转轮与活动导叶之间的水环逐渐消失;预开启导叶开度的增加可以削弱尾水管中的尾水涡带。以上研究成果可以为提高水泵水轮机启动过程的稳定性提供依据。A hydraulic model of pump-turbine unit which has ＂S＂ characteristic curves, was developed to study the effect of MGV on the ＂S＂ characteristics and determine the openings of pre-opened guide vanes in the ＂S＂ operation region. The external characteristics and internal flow were simulated by using a three-dimensional incompressible flow model, with a model for turbulence calculation and the SIMPLEC algorithm coupled with a second-order upwind scheme for discretization and solution of flow field. The simulations were verified with experimental data. Analysis on the calculated internal flow and external characteristics reveals that the MGV method can effectively prevent the unit from entering turbine braking mode. As the pre-opening increases, the flow non-uniformity becomes more significant and the water ring between runner and guide vanes tends to disappears gradually. The vortex rope in draft tube can be weakened by increasing the pre-openings. These results would provide a basis for stability of pump-turbine at start-up stage.

关 键 词：水力机械 水泵水轮机 数值模拟 非同步导叶 非线性湍流模型 “S”特性 

分 类 号：TK73[交通运输工程—轮机工程]