可持续发展视角的中国水电开发水库移民安置方式研究  

Study on China hydropower reservoir resettlement in the view of sustainable development

作　　者：樊启祥[1] 陆佑楣[1] 强茂山[2] 王汉花 

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100031 [2]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [3]长江勘测规划设计研究院,武汉430010

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2015年第1期237-244,共8页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179086;51479100;51379104);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室科研课题(2013-KY-5)

摘　　要：根据清洁能源战略下的中国水电开发"十一五"规划和2020年发展目标,平均每年新增水电装机14250MW,现阶段水电开发主要集中在中国西部尤其是西南地区,必将带来大量水库移民需要妥善安置。本文对创新农村移民安置方式的必要性进行分析,从促进水库移民可持续发展的角度,面对西南地区土地资源稀缺的现实,提出了"长效补偿+入股分红+社会保障"的移民安置方式,并以西南某大型水电站为例对电站建设期和运营期的移民年收入进行测算,与"长效补偿"以及"长效补偿+入股分红"安置模式下的移民未来年收入进行了对比。结论表明:"长效补偿+入股分红+社会保障"的移民安置方式使移民生活收入来源稳定、收入水平逐步提高,能很好的激发移民的参与性和积极性;且能缓解项目业主资金筹集压力,并更好地推动城镇化和新农村建设。According to the clean energy strategy under the China hydropower development eleven five plan and the 2020 national development goals, the average annual increase in hydropower installed capacity is 14250MW and the hydropower development at the present time stage mainly concentrates on western China, especially in the southwest region. This will bring a tremendous number of reservoir immigrants to resettle properly. This paper analyzes the necessity of innovation in rural resettlement mode, and presents a new long-term compensation plus bonus shares and social security mode, considering the scarcity of land resources in the southwest from the perspective of sustainable development in reservoir resettlement. Example calculation of one large hydropower station was made for the annual income of immigrants in its construction period and operation period. A comparative analysis shows that this new method could provide a stable source of immigrants＇ income, gradually enhance their income level, and hence provide a very good way to stimulate their participation and enthusiasm. Also, the new method would lower the project owner＇s financing pressure and better promote urbanization and new rural construction.

关 键 词：水利工程 水库移民 安置方式:可持续发展 

分 类 号：TV9[水利工程—水利水电工程] F407.9[经济管理—产业经济]