稳定同位素质谱技术在生态系统氮素循环中的应用  

Application of Stable Isotope Mass Spectrometry in the Ecology of Nitrogen Cycle

作　　者：袁红朝[1] 葛体达[1] 陈晓娟[1,2] 张丽萍[1] 王久荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《质谱学报》2015年第1期91-96,共6页Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41301275;41271279);中国科学院仪器功能开发项目(Y323018010)资助

摘　　要：自然界中,氮的放射性同位素半衰期短,因此15 N是唯一适用的天然示踪物。采用15 N稀释或者富集技术,通过检测不同形态15 N的丰度,能够较真实地了解陆地生态系统中氮素的固定、矿化、硝化和反硝化等过程。本工作简述了陆地生态系统中氮素循环的各个过程及15 N同位素分馏机制,简要介绍了稳定氮同位素的测定方法,系统论述了稳定氮同位素技术在生物固氮及土壤氮素转化过程中的研究现状,并在此基础上预测了该方法在国内氮素循环研究中的应用前景。In nature, radioactive isotope of nitrogen has a very short half-life, so 15N which is the only suitable natural tracer for ecological nitrogen cycle. Detecting the sta- ble nitrogen isotope natural abundance or using the stable nitrogen isotope-labeled trac- er, contributes to our understanding of nitrogen fixation, organic nitrogen mineraliza- tion, nitrification and denitrification processes in terrestrial ecosystems. In this paper, the nitrogen cycling processes in ecosystems and the related 15N isotopic fractionation during every processes were introduced. The theory and methods about the stable nitro- gen isotope analysis and its application in the research of nitrogen cycling in recent years were reviewed. Finally, comprehensive summations of the problem existing in current research and in conjunction with the prospects of the future research on nitrogen cycling were proposed.

关 键 词：稳定同位素质谱 氮同位素 氮循环 生态系统 同位素分馏 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]