自然降雨条件下扰动地表土壤入渗性能变化特征  

The Infiltration Characteristics of Disturbed Soil under Natural Rainfall Conditions

作　　者：黄祺[1] 何丙辉[1] 秦伟[2] 左长清[2] 姚云[1] 贺小容[1] 李天阳 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京100038 [3]南充市农牧业局,四川南充637000

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第1期91-95,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);水利部公益性科研项目(201301048);国家自然科学基金项目(41271291)

摘　　要：通过野外径流小区试验,在自然降雨条件下,研究了扰动20、40、60m三种坡长地表的土壤入渗性能变化特征。结果表明,扰动地表可降低土壤水分入渗能力,表现为人为扰动坡面>自然坡面。土壤入渗特征模拟结果为:通用经验模型比较适合描述不同坡长受扰地表雨季的土壤入渗特征,考斯加柯夫(Kostiakov)模型次之,菲利浦(Philip)模型较差。相关分析表明:降雨作用下,土壤体积质量、总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、有机质的变化会对土壤渗透性产生显著影响,并建立了主导因子方程。Under natural rainfall conditions, experiments of field runoff plots were performed to research the infiltration characteristics of disturbed soil in different slope lengths （20 m, 40 m, 60 m）. The results showed that the infiltration capacity of disturbed soil was smaller than that of natural soil, and made the infiltration of the disturbed soil decreased. Three models were used to describe the infiltration characteris- tics, and General empirical model was best, Kostiakov model followed and Philip model was worse. The correlation analysis showed that under rainfall soil bulk density, total soil porosity, non-capillary porosity, capillary porosity and the change of organic matter had significant impacts on the soil infiltration, based on which dominant-factor equations were established.

关 键 词：扰动地表 雨季 土壤渗透性 

分 类 号：S152.72[农业科学—土壤学]