青花菜两类雄性不育系主要农艺性状的研究  

Study on the Main Agronomic Characters in Two Types of Male Sterile Lines of Broccoli(Brassica oleracea var. italica)

作　　者：舒金帅[1] 刘玉梅[1] 李占省[1] 张黎黎[1] 方智远[1] 杨丽梅[1] 庄木[1] 张扬勇[1] 孙培田[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2015年第1期7-14,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25-A);国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD01B04);国家高新技术发展计划(2012AA100105);农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目

摘　　要：通过对青花菜显性细胞核雄性不育系(DGMS)、改良的萝卜细胞质雄性不育系(Ogura CMS)和由其与相同父本配制的F1杂交种植株的主要农艺性状的生长趋势和花球相关性状的研究,明确两类雄性不育系的应用价值,为青花菜两类雄性不育系的选育和利用及新品种的选育提供理论依据。本研究以结球甘蓝中的显性细胞核雄性不育材料DGMS 79-399-3和改良的细胞质雄性不育材料Ogura CMSR3629为原始不育源,利用优良的青花菜自交系8554和93219为转育父本,通过回交和杂交的方法获得的青花菜高代(n≥9代)两类雄性不育系和由不育系与相同父本配制的F1为试材,采取定期观测整个生长期内植株主要农艺性状和绘制生长曲线相结合的方法,系统地研究了植株的主要农艺性状的生长趋势和花球相关性状。结果表明,相同遗传背景下,保持系、DGMS、Ogura CMS及由不育系与相同父本配制的F1在株幅、株高、外叶长和外叶数方面的生长趋势基本一致,其中株幅、株高、外叶长,总体上表现出前期增长速度较快,之后变慢,最后趋于平缓或略呈下降的趋势;外叶数均表现出先增加后减少的趋势;侧枝数目因年份和遗传背景不同而异。由相同保持系获得的两类不育系的显球时间、采收时间基本相同,由其配制的F1显球和采收时间相同,花球产量因遗传背景的不同而异,花球外观品质性状表现一致。由DGMS和改良的Ogura CMS两类不育源转育的青花菜雄性不育系表现优良,该两类雄性不育源在青花菜杂交育种中具有重要的应用价值。In order to provide a theoretical basis for breeding and using of Dominant Genie Male Sterility （DGMS） lines and improve Ogura Cytoplasmic Male Sterility （Ogura CMS） lines in broccoli,we compared the growth trend of the main agronomic traits and bouquet yield among DGMS lines, Ogura CMS lines and the F1 pro- duced by them. In this study, DGMS 79-399-3 and improved Ogura CMSR3 629 were used as the original sources to get broccoli high generation （ n ≥ 9 ） male sterile lines DGMS8554, OguraCMS8554, DGMS93219 and OguraC- MS93219. Those materials with maintainer lines of 8554,93219 and F1 produced by them were used to systematical- ly study growth trend of the plants main agronomic characters and curd-related traits through observing the entire growth period regularly and drawing growth curve. Results showed that under the same genetic background, the growth trend of plant width, plant height, length of the outer leaves, number of the outer leaves were almost the same among maintainer lines, two types of sterile lines and the F1 produced by sterile lines. Plant width, plant height, length of the outer leaves all showed fast growth in early period, after slowing, and finally leveled off or slightly de-clining. The numbers of the outer leaves were increasing at first, after decreasing. The numbers of the lateral bran- ches were different in different years to different genetic background. The appeared and harvested time of the two types of male sterile lines under same background and Fl produced by them were nearly the same, the curd yield traits were different, but the appearance quality traits of the curd performed the same, respectively. The broccoli ster- ile lines came from the two types of male sterile sources DGMS and improved Ogura CMS performed well, therefore, the two types of male sterile sources would have important application value in broccoli crossbreeding.

关 键 词：青花菜 显性核不育 萝卜胞质不育 农艺性状 生长趋势 

分 类 号：S635.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]