控释复合肥对茄子幼苗生长效应和养分淋溶的影响  

Effects of Controlled-Release Compound Fertilizers on Eggplant-Seedlings and Nutrient Leaching

作　　者：鲁鸿阳 肖娇[1] 刘备[1] 窦兴霞 张民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心,山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]国家化肥质量监督检验中心,山东临沂276007

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第6期46-51,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD11B01;2011BAD11B02);国家"948"重点项目(2011-G30);山东省自主创新成果转化重大专项(2012ZHZX1A0408)

摘　　要：采用控释复合肥进行茄子的基质育苗,与营养液和普通复合肥2种传统育苗方式进行比较,探讨控释肥的优势与最佳用量,苗期收集淋溶液研究控释肥与普通肥养分淋失量的差别。结果表明：茄子种子与大量控释肥接触的条件下,即基质（干重）与肥料质量比为20∶1仍能安全萌发;质量比为20∶1,10∶1时幼苗的干物质量和壮苗指数最好;质量比为20∶1时幼苗根系发育最优;质量比为30∶1～10∶1时幼苗根系活力、可溶性糖含量、光合特性最佳。与普通肥相比,控释肥养分释放稳定,淋溶损失少。综合来看,基质（干重）与肥料质量比为20∶1时最有利于培育茄子优质壮苗。Comparing with the effects of nutrient solution and common compound fertilizer to investigate the advantage and the application rate of controlled-release fertilizer,the effects of controlled-release compound fertilizer applied in nursery substrates for eggplant were studied.The leaching solution was collected to study the nutrient leaching discipline of controlled-release compound fertilizer and common fertilizer in seedling stage.The results showed that：Eggplant seeds were safe to germinate contacting with a large amount of controlled-release compound fertilizer,even mass ratio of dry substrate and fertilizer was up to 20∶1,the dry matter quantity and seedling index of seedlings were the best under mass ratio of 20∶1and 10∶1,the seedlings root grew well under mass ratio of 20∶1,the root activity,soluble sugar content,photosynthetic characteristics were the best under mass ratio of 30∶1～10∶1.The nutrient release of controlled-release fertilizer was stable and the amount of nutrient leaching was much less compared with common compound fertilizer and nutrient solution.In general,it was the most beneficial to cultivate seedlings under mass ratio of dry substrate and fertilizer was 20∶1.

关 键 词：控释复合肥 茄子 育苗 养分淋溶 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学] S641.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]