华西雨屏区几种典型人工林降雨截留分配特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Several Typical Plantation Intercept Rainfall in West China Rain Screen Area

作　　者：赵海蓉[1] 帅伟[1,2] 李静[1,2] 吴福忠 杨万勤[1] 谭波[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态林业研究所林业生态工程重点实验室,成都611130 [2]甘孜藏族自治州林业科学研究所,四川康定626001

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第6期94-100,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170423;31270498);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05);四川省杰出青年学术与技术带头人培育项目(2012JQ0008;2012JQ0059);中国博士后科学基金项目(2012T50782)

摘　　要：以华西雨屏区几种典型森林类型为研究对象,定位监测了2011年4-12月40场降雨中大气降雨、林冠穿透雨、树干茎流、地表径流和地下渗滤。结果表明:各树种林冠截留率分别为香樟林31.63%,柳杉林42.73%,混交林49.88%。当单次降雨量<24mm时,截留量表现为柳杉林>混交林>香樟林;当单次降雨量>24mm时,截留量表现为混交林>柳杉林>香樟林。各种林分树干茎流量少,茎流率均低于2%;地表径流量表现为香樟林>柳杉林>混交林,地下渗滤量表现为混交林>柳杉林>香樟林,表明森林植被对降雨截留分配具有显著影响。相对于单一结构的人工林,混交林林冠截留率较高,地表径流量较少,具有较高的水土保持能力。Several typical forest types in west of China rain screen area as the research object,and monitored the 40 atmospheric rainfall in the rain,rain canopy penetration,trunk stem flow and surface runoff and infiltration filter in 2011 April to December.The results showed that：The tree canopy entrapment rate in camphor forest was 31.63%,Japanese cedar forest was 42.73% and mixed forest of camphor was 49.88%respectively.When single rainfall less than 24 mm,entrapment quantity performance was Japanese cedar forest greater than the mixed forest,and graeter camphor forest.Entrapment quantity performance for mixed forest was greater than the Japanese cedar forest,and grester than camphor forest when single rainfall more than 24 mm.All kinds of forest tree stem flow rate were less than 2%.Surface runoff performance for camphor forest was greater than the Japanese cedar forest,and was greater than the mixed forest,and underground runoff performance for mixed forest was greater than the Japanese cedar forest,and was greater than the camphor forest.These results suggested that the forest vegetation had a significant influence on rainfall distribution of river closure.Relative to the single structure of plantation,the mixed forest canopy had higher interception rate,less surface runoff and higher capacity of soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：径流 森林群落 水土保持 华西雨屏区 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学] S715.2