不同次生盐渍化程度设施土壤的水盐运移特征研究  

Effects of Water and Salt Transport in Different Level of Secondary Salinization of Soil under Greenhouse Irrigation

作　　者：杜磊[1] 郑子成[1] 李廷轩[1] 李卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第6期183-189,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901138);四川省学术和技术带头人培养资金项目(2012);四川农业大学学科建设双支计划项目(2014)

摘　　要：通过室内土柱模拟试验,根据灌水对不同次生盐渍化水平设施土壤水分运动与盐分迁移特征的影响进行了研究。结果表明:灌水后水盐运移一致性明显,表现为0-20cm土层水盐变幅剧烈,灌水15d后逐渐趋于稳定。灌水后,0-5cm土层体积含水量表现出2g/kg和4g/kg盐渍化水平大于其他水平,而20cm以下土层体积含水量受次生盐渍化水平影响较小。灌水后,不同次生盐渍化程度设施土壤溶质峰均呈向下移动的趋势,灌水10d后稳定在20cm土层,且表现出随次生盐渍化程度加剧,盐分累积趋势愈明显,但在灌水15d后各次生盐渍化水平间的差异逐渐减小。灌水后,0-5cm和40-50cm土层土壤含盐量和土壤水分、温度具有较好的耦合效应。根据建立的耦合模型以及环境因子对积盐的影响,提出了0-5,40-50cm是设施土壤盐分的"活动面"。Based on soil column simulated experiments in lab,effect of irrigation on movement of water and salt transport in soil of greenhouse under different level of secondary salinization was studied.The results showed that：The consistency of water and salt transport was obvious,and the amplitude of soil moisture and salt content of 0-20 cm was violent,which gradually stabilized after 15 days irrigation.The 2g/kg and 4g/kg salinity levels of 0-5cm soil moisture was greater than other levels after irrigation,but the level of secondary salinization had little influence on soil moisture below 20 cm.The solute peak characteristics of different secondary salinization degree had shown a downward migration after irrigation,and stabilized in 20 cm layer.Salt accumulation increased much more significant with secondary salinization degree aggravated,while the difference between the 4levels gradually decreased after 15 days irrigation.The soil layers of 0-5cm and 40-50 cm were a prominent coupling effect of soil salt content,soil moisture and temperature.According to the coupling model,as well as environmental factors of salt accumulation,the concept＂Salt Activity Surface＂was put forward to.

关 键 词：水分运动 盐分迁移 次生盐渍化 设施土壤 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S153.6[农业科学—农业基础科学]