不同模式地埂植物篱对土壤颗粒组成特征参数的影响  

Effects of Different Terrace Hedgerow Patterns on the Characteristic Parameters of Soil Particle Size Distribution

作　　者：黄欢[1] 何丙辉[1] 鲍玉海[2] 韦杰[2] 郭晓朦 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]中国科学院成都山地研究所,山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第6期256-261,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B03);国家自然科学基金项目(41271291);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目(KFJ-EW-STS-008)

摘　　要：以空心砖地埂模式（Ⅰ）为对照,研究了不同模式的地埂植物篱模式：土埂＋牧桂1号（Ⅱ）、砖砌埂＋苎麻（Ⅲ）、圆木排＋黄花（Ⅳ）、竹排篱＋韭菜（Ⅴ）在拦沙减蚀过程中对坡面土壤的改良效应,并运用分形理论与矩法估计统计对比研究了土壤机械组成与微团聚体的粒度参数特征,并将两者变化与土壤理化性质的改变进行拟合。结果表明：（1）不同模式的地埂植物篱模式下,土壤机械组成分形维数变化量介于（-0.020 6）～0.161 8之间,其变幅表现为模式Ⅲ〉模式Ⅳ〉模式Ⅴ〉模式Ⅱ〉模式Ⅰ,且与细黏粒、粗黏粒、粗沙粒的改变量呈显著线性关系;（2）土壤微团聚体分形维数变化量介于（-0.080 3）～0.056 5之间,其变幅表现为模式Ⅳ〉模式Ⅱ〉模式Ⅲ〉模式Ⅰ〉模式Ⅴ,模式Ⅳ下大粒径团聚体增加最多,分形维数减少最大;（3）模式Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ均增加了土壤机械组成偏倚系数CS、峰凸系数CE,其颗粒级配变细,同时模式Ⅱ细粒化较显著,且占优势的大粒径微团聚体组成右偏移最明显;（4）土壤机械组成及微团聚体的分形维数高低不仅能反映土壤结构特征优劣,同时其数值变化程度大小能揭示土壤结构性质变化大小及方向。To evaluate the effects of different terrace hedgerow patterns on the soil structure on slope during its process of sediment regulation and erosion reduction,taking the hollow brick bank（Ⅰ）as the comparison,studied the change of characteristic feature of soil particle size under the protection modes of ridge bank-Guimu No.1（Pennisetum purpureumcv.Guimu No.1）（Ⅱ）,brick bank-ramie（Ⅲ）,logs bank-hemerocallis miner（Ⅳ）,bamboo fence-garlic chive（Ⅴ）with the fractal theory and moment method respectively.The results indicated that：（1）Under different patterns of terrace hedgerow,the variation of the fractal dimension of soil mechanical composition was ranged from（-0.020 6）to 0.161 8and shown as the sequence of Ⅲ 〉Ⅳ 〉Ⅴ〉Ⅱ〉 Ⅰ,and it showed significantly linear correlation with the variation of soil mechanical composition0.001 mm,0.005～0.001 mm,and 1～0.25 mm size classes.（2）The variation of the fractal dimension of soil micro-aggregates was between（-0.080 3）and 0.056 5,showed Ⅳ〉 Ⅱ〉 Ⅲ 〉Ⅰ〉 Ⅴ,and large particle size of micro-aggregates increased most with largest reduction in the fractal dimension under the pattern of logs bank-hemerocallis miner（Ⅳ）.（3）The patterns ofⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅴ could increase the bias coefficient CS,peak convex coefficient CE of soil mechanical composition and showed a more significant trend of fining under pattern of Ⅱ and the dominant larger size of micro-aggregates showed the most obvious right deviation.（4）The value of fractal dimension of soil mechanical composition and micro-aggregates could not only reflect the characteristics of the structure feature,but the degree of its change also reveal the variability and direction of soil structure properties change.

关 键 词：地埂植物篱 土壤机械组成 微团聚体 分形特征 矩法估计 

分 类 号：S152.3[农业科学—土壤学]