高校健康教育与健康促进模式试验效果评价  

Evaluation on the experimental effectiveness of college health education and health promotion model

作　　者：蔡健生[1] 梁碧绿 李健艺[1] 郭赐贶 周跃华[1] 黄国华[1] 麦炜 吴子添 钟伟强[1] 林绍良[1] 宾超鸿 

机构地区：[1]广东省肇庆市疾病预防控制中心,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第1期20-24,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2012年度广东省肇庆市科技创新立项课题(2012E1810)

摘　　要：目的评价自设高校健康教育与健康促进模式的可行性。方法以区域划分法对学龄、学习、生活条件等同的一所高校确定为试验组和空白对照组,并作前后对照评价。试验组通过开展高校健康教育活动,应用性试验并评价自设可复制的模式/模板,包括"健康使者"工作队学生社团管理模式、专业技术指导+学生组织实施+社会参与的工作模式、大学生自我管理健康模式、激励与积极暗示的环境支持模式、程序化多维度的活动模板/模式"等5大功能模块。以核心信息知晓率、健康行为及意识建立率等评价该模式的信息传播效果,以目标人群的主观感觉及参与率评价模式的认可度。结果 2011-2013年间,成立"健康使者"学生社团并持续有效运作,并承担3个主题4项次大型健康教育活动。2次艾滋病防治专题活动后,目标人群核心信息知晓率显著高于活动前/空白对照组(χ2=105.787,P=0.000;χ2=9.724,P=0.002/χ2=147.88,P=0.000;χ2=13.436,P=0.000);烟草危害与控制核心信息知晓率、健康素养的健康行为(意识)率等分别比活动前高出39.6%(χ2=230.62,P=0.000)、6.4%(χ2=16.626,P=0.000)。以好、中、差主观评价模式的8项(次)内容中,获中评以上认可达80%以上的有7项(次)。结论可复制的5大功能模式/模块认可度高,实施操作依从性好,核心信息传播效果显著,高校"健康使者"工作队管理模式能有效持续发展,适宜高校应用于健康教育活动。Objective To assess the feasibility of self- designed college health education and health promotion model. Meth- ods We employed the zoning method to define the experimental group and blank control group which both had the similar schooling, study and living conditions in a university, and then conducted a before - and - after contrast assessment. Health edu- cation activities and application experiment were conducted in the experimental group, and then we evaluated 5 functional modules of the self-designed and replicable modal, which included the mode of ＂health envoy＂ working team and student organization management, the working mode of professional and technical guidance, student organization and implementation and ,society par- ticipation, the mode of college students＇ self- health- management, the environmental support mode of motivation and positive intimation and the mode of procedural multidimensional activity. The information transmission effectiveness of the model was evaluated according to the awareness rate of core information, the establishment rate of health behavior and cognition, etc. The acceptability of the mode was appraised on the basis of the target group＇s subjective sensation and participation rate. Results During the period of 2011 - 2013, the ＂health envoy＂ student organization was established, constantly effectively operated and undertook 4 times of large - scale health education activities regarding 3 themes. After 2 times of activities concerning AIDS pre- vention and treatment, the awareness rate of core information of the target group was significantly higher than those of before the activities and blank control group （ χ^2 = 105. 787, P = 0,000 ; χ^2 = 9. 724, P = 0. 002/χ^2 = 147.88, P = 0. 000 ; χ^2 = 13. 436, P = 0. 000）. The awareness rate of core information regarding tobacco hazards and control and the health behavior （conscious- ness） rate of health literacy in the target group were 39.6 % （ 2~2 = 230.62, P = 0. 000） and 6, 4 % （ χ^2 = 16. 626,

关 键 词：大学生 健康教育 健康促进 健康素养 模式 干预 评价 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]