鄱阳湖洲滩芦苇种群特征及其与淹水深度和地下水埋深的关系  

Reed Population Features and Relationships between Feature Indicators and Flooding Depth,Groundwater Depth in An Islet in Poyang Lake

作　　者：许秀丽[1,2] 张奇[1] 李云良[1] 谭志强[1,2] 王晓龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第6期714-722,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371062);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB417003);中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所"一三五"战略发展规划项目(NIGLAS2012135001)资助

摘　　要：在对鄱阳湖典型洲滩芦苇（Phragmites australis）群落逐月调查的基础上,比较了芦苇种群特征和生物量的季节变化规律及不同高程间存在的差异;利用连续监测的高分辨率地下水数据进一步探讨了芦苇种群特征与地下水埋深和淹水深度的关系。结果表明,1研究区芦苇群落分布在14-16 m高程,生长季6-7月的临界水深为-1.5-1.5 m,水深高于1.5 m或低于-1.5 m都不适宜芦苇生长;2不同高程上芦苇种群的季节变化规律基本一致;种群密度随季节变化先升后降,在4月中旬达到最大值;生物量随季节变化呈单峰分布,在8月达到峰值;3不同高程的芦苇种群特征和生物量存在显著差异,14 m高程的芦苇株高、茎节长度、节点数、茎粗、单株生物量和地上生物量都显著高于15 m和16 m高程的芦苇（p〈0.001）,而14 m高程的芦苇种群密度要显著低于15m和16 m高程的芦苇（p〈0.001）;4水深对芦苇种群形态特征和生物量积累有显著影响,芦苇株高、茎粗、单株生物量和地上生物量随水深的加深而增加,种群密度随水深的加深而减小;5与国内其他湿地相比,鄱阳湖洲滩芦苇种群长势相对较差。In this study,the spatio-temporal changes of population features and biomass of the reed（Phragmites australis） community were analyzed based on field investigation in a typical islet in Poyang Lake.Further,the relationships between indicators of reed population characteristics and water depths were established using continuously monitored high resolution data of groundwater tables.The results indicated that the reed community distributed at the elevation of 14-16 m,and water depths during the growing season were within1.5 m below surface to 1.5 m above surface;the seasonal variations of the indicators of reed population characteristics at different elevations were in the same trends;the highest density of reed population occurred in April,and the aboveground biomass distributed a unimodal pattern and its peak occurred in August;significant differences existed in the indicators of reed population characters and biomass between different elevations.Average height,internode length in the middle of stem,internode amounts,stem diameter,total aboveground biomass and biomass of individual plant of reed population at 14 m elevation were significantly higher than those at 15 m and 16 m elevations（p〈0.001）,while density was dramatically less than that at 15 m and16 m elevations（p〈0.001）;water depth had significant influence on reed morphology features and biomass,average height,stem diameter,total aboveground biomass and biomass of individual plant all increased significantly with the rise of water depth,while population density decreased with the rise of water depth;compared with reed populations in other wetlands in China,the growth state of reed population in this study area was relatively poor.

关 键 词：芦苇种群 形态特征 生物量 淹水深度 地下水埋深 鄱阳湖洲滩 

分 类 号：Q941[生物学—植物学]