三维自由表面多次波去除方法  

3D Surface-Related Multiple Elimination

作　　者：王通[1] 王德利[1] 冯飞[1] 程浩[1] 孙海龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,长春130026

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2014年第6期2034-2041,共8页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05023-005-008)

摘　　要：多次波去除是地震数据处理与解释中的关键性问题,其去除结果直接影响地震数据的处理质量。笔者论述的自由表面多次波压制(SRME)是一种数据驱动理念,在不需任何地下信息和假设的情况下,利用地震数据的自身迭代就可以达到预测多次波的目的,并且相较于一些传统方法预测更加准确。面对越来越多的三维海洋地震采集,二维SRME方法暴露出其算法对三维构造的估计不足,所以有必要将SRME从二维向三维扩展。三维SRME相较于传统的二维SRME在考虑多次波贡献方面表现得更加全面,有效地计算地下每一处的多次波贡献,可以给出更准确的多次波预测。建立了三维倾斜层状速度模型,模拟含多次波的地震数据,利用3DSRME技术进行多次波预测,对比了2DSRME与3DSRME对三维地震数据的多次波预测结果,发现3DSRME的预测结果与理论多次波位置吻合;最后利用最小平方匹配减去法,实现了地震数据中多次波的去除,有效地压制了多次波信息。The elimination of multiple wave is a key issue in seismic data processing and interpretation,and will directly affects the quality of seismic data processing.Surface-related multiple wave elimination （SRME ）theory discussed is a data-driven concept,and the multiple wave can be predicted more precisely than traditional method by the convolution of seismic data without the knowledge or assumption about the subsurface.Facing more and more 3D marine seismic exploration data,traditional 2D SRME exposes its disadvantages in algorithm,it is necessary to extend 2D SRME to 3D.Compared with traditional 2D SRME,3D SRME considered the multiple wave contribution more comprehensively,calculated each of the multiple wave contribution more efficiently,predicted multiple waves more precisely. We estabished 3D inclined layer velocity model and simulated seismic data contained multiples in order to use 3D SRME technology to predict multiple waves.Comparing theresults predicted by 3D and 2D,we found that the predicted result of 3D SRME is more consistent with the theoretical multiple position.Finally,we used the least square matching to achieve the elimination of multiples successfully and suppressed the multiple information effectively.

关 键 词：多次波 3D SRME 多次波预测 数据驱动 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]