某医院2013年度临床分离病原菌分布及其耐药性  

DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF CLINICAL ISOLATED PATHOGENIC BACTERIA OF A HOSPITAL IN 2013

作　　者：郑卫东[1] 郭亮[1] 潘云军[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院附属人民医院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2014年第12期1322-1325,共4页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的了解近期医院临床分离病原菌的构成及其对抗菌药物的耐药性情况,指导临床合理应用抗菌药物。方法采用细菌分离鉴定和药敏试验方法,对某医院2013年度全年病人送检标本进行了检测与结果分析。结果 2013年度从该医院送检的病人标本中共分离出病原菌3 166株,包括革兰阴性菌2 247株(71%),革兰阳性菌919株(29%)。构成比居前三位的病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌(22.0%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(11.2%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(9.8%)。病原菌主要分离自呼吸道标本(54.5%)、尿液标本(17.6%)和各种分泌物标本(10.3%)。铜绿假单胞菌对碳青霉烯类和氨基糖苷类耐药率高达75%以上,但其对3代头孢菌素具有较好的敏感性。金黄色葡萄球菌对β内酰胺类和大环内酯类耐药率均达75%以上,对喹诺酮类和氨基糖苷类耐药率也达到50%以上。结论该医院临床分离的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,部分病原菌已经对碳青霉烯类等抗菌药物产生较高的耐药性,提示临床密切关注。Objective To analyze the composition and drug resistance of recent hospital clinical isolated pathogenic bacteria,and to guide clinical properly use of antibacterial drugs. Methods The separation and identification of bacteria were according to the national clinical laboratory operation rules in the third edition,and the methods of drug resistance test were based on CLSI 2012 version. Results In 3 166 pathogens isolated,the Gram negative bacteria and the Gram positive bacteria accounted for 71% and 29% respectively. And the top three bacteria isolated from respiratory（ 54. 5%）,urine（ 17. 6%） and secretions（ 10. 3%）. The main isolated pathogenic bacteria were E. coli（ 22. 0%）,Acinetobacter baumannii（ 11. 2%） and klebsiella pneumoniae（ 9. 8%）. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was up to 75% to Carbapenems and Aminoglycoside,while the sensitivity of the bacteria to the three generation Cephalosporins was higher. The resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus was more than 75% to Beta lactam class and large ring lactone class,and more than50% to Quinolone and Aminoglycoside. Conclusion The majority of this hospital pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical is the Gram- negative bacilli. Part of them are drug resistant to Carbapenems,which suggests that clinical should pay more attention to them.

关 键 词：临床分离病原菌 抗菌药物 多重耐药 泛耐药 监测 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]