鸡粪堆肥过程中的挥发性气体控制效果分析  

Analysis of the Control Effect of Volatile Gas during Chicken Manure Composting

作　　者：董春欣[1] 王玉军[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林化工学院资源与环境工程学院,吉林132022 [2]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2014年第6期680-684,共5页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20130204054SF)

摘　　要：为减少堆肥过程中释放的挥发性有机物,有效降低其中的恶臭气味,采用在鸡粪等堆肥物料中添加调理剂和组合吸收系统2种方式进行处理。结果表明:鸡粪堆肥初期的氨气释放速率最高,是控制氮素损失最为关键的时期,在此阶段添加过磷酸钙,氨气释放最高速率分别降低了16.8%(1%过磷酸钙处理)、28.1%(2%过磷酸钙处理),同时堆肥产品中全氮和有效磷含量增加,堆肥品质明显提升。鸡粪堆肥过程中排放气体依次通过酸性、碱性、氧化剂3种吸收液和活性炭吸附剂处理之后,气体中挥发性物质的去除率均达到99.7%,效果十分明显,此技术可应用于工厂化堆肥生产的恶臭气体的去除。To reduce the volatile organic compounds released from the composting and decrease its odor effectively, two methods of adding conditioner to the composting material such as chicken manure and combination absorption system were utilized in this study. Results showed that the early stage of the chicken manure compositing which possesses the highest releasing rate of the ammonia was the most critical period of controlling the loss of nitrogen element. During this stage, the calcium superphosphate was added into the compositing. The highest releasing rate of the ammonia decreased by 16.8% and 28.1% respectively when the concentration of the calcium superphosphate added was 1% and 2%. Meanwhile, the compositing products of total nitrogen content and available phosphorus content increased, which improved compost quality significantly. During the chicken manure compositing, the releasing gases were treated with three kinds of absorption solution and activated carbon adsorbent, and the removal rate of the volatile organic compounds reached 99.7%. Accordingly, this technology could be applied to remove malodorous gas in factory composting system.

关 键 词：鸡粪堆肥 臭气 调理剂 吸收液 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]