老工业搬迁区街道灰尘重金属污染物的人体健康风险评价  

Human health risk assessment of heavy metal pollutants in redevelopment brownfield area

作　　者：马志孝[1,2] 任婉侠[1] 薛冰[1] 张黎明[2] 耿涌[1] 孙丽娜[3] Jose A.Puppim de Oliveira 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]沈阳大学环境工程重点实验室,沈阳110044 [4]联合国大学高等研究所

出　　处：《生态科学》2014年第5期963-971,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71303230;41101126;71033004);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAJ06B01);科技部国际合作项目(2011DFA91810);联合国大学Urban Co-benefits项目

摘　　要：依据美国环保署人体健康风险评价法及地理信息系统对研究区主要道路灰尘中重金属污染物非致癌风险指数进行空间分析。街道灰尘中含有不同程度的重金属污染物,浓度(单位:mg?kg–1)最大值分别Cu 143.00,Cd 7.10,Pb625.00,Zn 1340.00,As 24.50,Hg 1.04,Ni 120.00和Cr 1.48。儿童、青少年和成年重金属非致癌风险As>Pb>Cd>Ni>Cr>Ni>Zn>Cu>Hg;其中,小于1岁儿童重金属总暴露途径非致癌风险最高值达到2.45,非致癌风险区域面积占案例区总面积的0.047%;1至小于3岁的值达3.64,面积比例1.53%;3岁至小于6岁的值达2.38,面积比例0.012%;6岁至小于11岁的值达1.03,面积比例较小。青少年和成人总非致癌风险均低于风险阀值。总体上,搬迁后的老工业区在区域范围内未呈现致癌风险。Urban street dust is the source and sink of a variety of pollutants. 24 street dust samples were collected in relocated industrial zone, Tiexi old district, Shenyang City. The human health risk was assessed by US EPA Health Risk Assessment Model and was also demonstrated by spatial maps. The results showed that the dust contained heavy metals in different locations with different range of concentration. The concentrations（mg·kg^–1） of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Ni and Cr were 143.00, 7.10, 625.0, 1340.00, 24.50, 1.04, 120.00 and 1.48, respectively. The order of non-cancer risk of heavy metals was As〉Pb〉Cd〉Ni〉Cr〉Ni〉Zn〉Cu〉Hg for children, youths and adults. The maximal non-cancer risk indexes of total heavy metals for children（0 to 〈birth, 1 to 〈 3, 3 to〈 6, 6 to 〈 11） were 2.45, 3.64, 2.3 and 1.03, respectively. Non-cancer risk for children（0 to 〈 birth, 1to 〈 3, 3 to 〈 6） accounted for 0.047%, 1.53%, 0.012% of case study area, respectively. For youths and adults, the non-cancer risk indexes were below the threshold of non-cancer risk. The cancer risk indexes of total heavy metals for children, youths and adults were below the risk based on the current standard of technology in this study.

关 键 词：人地关系 重金属污染 健康风险评价 老工业区 铁西区 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程]