陕北榆林定边县采油区土壤微生物群落结构的分子生态学研究  

Molecular ecological research on microbial community structure of soil from oil fields of Dingbian,Yulin,Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：杨琴 赵敏 朱妍 

机构地区：[1]长庆油田油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018 [2]超低渗油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期943-946,共4页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家计划基金资助项目(1301-4-1)

摘　　要：对采油区钻井口石油污染和未污染土壤的细菌群落结构进行比较。采用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)和16S r DNA克隆文库等方法,结合土壤理化性质进行分析。石油污染土壤含水率和有机质含量增加,土壤粒度、总氮、有效磷、速效钾和p H无显著变化。污染和未污染土壤中的细菌多样性丰富,群落结构存在明显差异;石油污染土壤中优势细菌类群为:变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门,且变形菌门细菌比例升高。研究揭示了陕北地区石油污染和未污染土壤细菌群落结构的差异。To compare the microbial community structure of contaminated and uncontaminated soil samples, relationship of microbial community structure difference with the chemical-physical characters was studied. DGGE and 16S rDNA clone library was applied in this study. The organic matter and the water content of contaminated soil samples was higher than that of uncontaminated soil, while there was no obvious difference of grain size, total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and pH of all soil samples. DGGE analysis showed a rich diversity of soil samples from oil fields and distinct microbial community structure of contaminated and uncontaminated soil. The 16S rDNA clone library showed the major bacterial groups in soil samples from oil fields were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. And the Proteobacteria was more dominant in contaminated soil than uncontaminated soil, which may be attributed to the higher content of organic matter in contaminated soil. Our research revealed the influence of oil contamination on microbial community structure in soil in oil fields of Northern Shaanxi.

关 键 词：石油污染 DGGE 16S r DNA克隆文库 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]