潮汕地区EV71流行特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of EV71 in Chaoshan region

作　　者：陈敬鸿[1] 王雪华[1] 陈婉[1] 降芳[1] 唐月汀[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头市疾病预防控制中心,广东汕头515041

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2014年第12期1456-1458,共3页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(No.2012B031800217)

摘　　要：目的了解潮汕地区儿童肠道病毒71型（EV71）血清流行病学、病原学及临床特征。方法收集不同年龄健康儿童血清,采用微量中和试验方法检测其血清EV71中和抗体的阳性率和几何平均滴度（geometric mean titeGMT）。筛选HFMD患者328例,采用荧光定量RT-PCR检测肠道病毒核酸,并收集相关临床资料综合分析。结果在各年龄组中,0-6个月儿童中和抗体阳性率为78.4%,几何平均滴度为1：36.6;7-12个月血清抗体阳性率则显著下降,为28.4%,GMT为1：8.9。从1岁开始血清抗体阳性率和GMT均有所升高,在2-4岁组阳性率继续升高,而在5-14岁组,阳性率急剧升高为79.3%,GMT为1：71.9。以上各年龄组男女性别间的差别均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。在所监测的328例HFMD病例中,EV71是主要病原体,是引起重症HFMD的主要病因。结论 EV71在潮汕地区流行情况严重,7-12个月儿童EV71中和抗体水平显著低于其他年龄段的儿童,是EV71感染的高危群体。中和抗体水平偏低可能是引起重症HFMD和死亡病例的主要原因。Objective To study the serum epidemic, pathogenic and clinical features of enterovirus 71（EV71） among children in Chaoshan area. Methods The serum specimens of healthy children aged 0-14 years were coUectred to detect EV71 antibody by microneutralization assay. And 328 fecal samples were collected from children with HFMD by realtime RT- PCR. Results Seropositive rate and GMT in the patients aged Or-6 months were 78.4% and 1： 36.6, respeeitively. Seropositive rate and GMT in the patients aged 7-12 months were 28.4% and 1：8.9, which decreased remarkably. Seropositive rates and GMT in the group aged 1 year to 2-4 years increased. However, Seroprevalence rate and GMT in the patients aged 5- 14 years were 79.3% and 1：71.9, respectively, which increased remarkably. There was no significant difference in seropositive rate and GMT between male and female （P 〉0.05）. EV71 were the main pathogen inducing the severe HFMD. Conclusion EV71 epidemic was severe in Chaoshan area, EV71 neutralizing antibody level in children aged 7 months to 1 years old was significantly lower than other age groups of children, and children aged 7 months to 1 years old were the high risk population for EV71 infection. Low levels of neutralizing antibodies might be the main reason for severe and death of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 EV71 微量中和试验 血清流行病学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]