不同基质配方对黄瓜果实特性、品质和产量的影响  

Effect of Different Substrate Formulas on Fruit Characteristics,Fruit Quality and Yield of Cucumber

作　　者：杜中平[1] 聂书明[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院园艺研究所,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《北方园艺》2015年第2期147-149,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：青海省科技厅资助项目(2013-H-807);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项子课题资助项目(201203005)

摘　　要：为了解决在非耕地区域种植蔬菜的问题,以牛粪、羊粪、菇渣、麦秆、菊芋秆、油菜秆、河沙为试验材料,采用不同基质配方对设施内种植的黄瓜进行了研究。结果表明:处理配方C(菇渣∶油菜秆∶河沙=4∶3∶3)、D(菇渣∶河沙=6∶4)、E(牛粪∶羊粪∶河沙=4∶4∶2)和F(牛粪∶河沙=7∶3)4种基质配方的黄瓜果实品质、果实特性和产量等方面都较高,其产量都达到95.00t/hm2以上,显著高于其它各基质配方的黄瓜产量。表明以上4种配方的基质透气性、营养成分等方面最适合黄瓜根系对营养的吸收和植株的生长,且能得到高品质和高产。因此,基质配方C、D、E、F 4种基质配方可作为青海省非耕地设施黄瓜栽培基质推广应用。In order to solve the problems of non cultivated land area cultivated vegetable. Using cattle manure, sneep manure, mushroom residue, wheat straw, jerusalem artichoke straw, rape straw, river sand for experiment material, different substrate formulas to effects of cucumber were studied in greenhouse. The results showed that the fruit characteristics, fruit quality and yield of cucumber of substrate formulas C（mushroom residue ： rape straw ： river sand= 4 ： 4 ：3）,D（mushroom residue ： river sand=6 ： 4）,E（cattle manure ： sheep manure ： river sand=4 ： 4 ： 2） and F （cattle manure ： river sand=7 ： 3） were better than others substrate formulas,all their yield reached above 95. 00 t/hm^2 and were significantly greater than yield of others substrate formulas. Permeability and nutritional components of above four substrate formulas were suitable for nutrition absorption of cucumber root and plant growth,and cucumber could get high quality and high yield. Therefore,substrate formulas C（mushroom residue ： rape straw ： river sand--=4 ： 4 ： 3）,D （mushroom residue ： river sand=6：4）,E（eattle manure ： sheep manure ： river sand-4 ： 4 ： 2） and F （cattle manure ： river sand= 7 ： 3） could be used as non cultivated land area cucumber cultivation substrate formula in greenhouse in Qinghai.

关 键 词：基质配方 黄瓜 果实特性 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S642.206.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]