质量单位千克定义的历史、现状和发展趋势  

The history,status and developments in the definition of the kilogram mass unit

作　　者：沈乃澂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《物理》2014年第9期606-612,共7页Physics

摘　　要：自1889年以来,千克的国际原器作为国际单位制(SI)质量单位的定义。这是SI定义基本单位最后一个人工制造的基准,它的重新定义必将影响着几个其他基本单位。文章介绍了瓦特天平的工作原理以及普朗克常数的实验测定。这些结果对物理学和计量学具有重要的意义。Since 1889, the international prototype of the kilogram has served as the definition of the unit of mass in the International System of Units （SI）. It is the last man-made standard to be used to define a basic SI unit, and its redefinition will influence several other base units. This paper describes the principle of the watt balance and the experimental determination of Planck＆#39;s constant. These results are of great significance for physics and metrology.

关 键 词：千克国际原器 普朗克常数 瓦特天平实验 物理学和计量学 

分 类 号：TB91[一般工业技术—计量学]