乌鲁木齐地区风能资源及风力发电机特性  

Investigation into characteristics of both wind energy resource and wind turbines in Urumqi region

作　　者：李冲[1,2] 郑源[3,4] 朱大胜[1] 刘友英[1] 李果[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院机械工程学院,江苏南京211167 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [3]水资源高效利用与工程安全国家工程研究中心,江苏南京210098 [4]河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2014年第11期978-983,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11302097);江苏省博士后基金资助项目(1301060B)

摘　　要：为了评估乌鲁木齐地区不同高度的风能资源及当地风力发电机特性,分析了两参数威布尔风速分布模型、风速随高度变化的模型、风能功率密度和容量因子等模型.利用乌鲁木齐地区10,20,30,40,50,60,70 m高度的风速数据,分析了该地区典型气象年不同高度的月平均风速、年平均风速、年平均风能功率密度、风速概率分布、基于极大似然法的威布尔形状参数与尺度参数、累计概率分布,同时选取了该地区使用的8种中小型风力发电机,分析了这些风力发电机的容量因子及能量输出.结果表明：乌鲁木齐地区10-70 m范围内的风能资源介于可利用区和较丰富区之间,该地区风力发电机的容量因子偏小,其变化范围为4.4%-19.8%,这主要是由于该地区平均风速不大所致,说明了乌鲁木齐地区不适合建大型的风力发电厂,但是适合建小型的风力发电厂,或以风力发电为辅助的混合发电系统,或者以风力驱动的机械系统.In order to evaluate the characteristics of both wind energy resource at different altitudes and wind turbines in Urumqi region, the wind speed distribution of two-parameter Weibull, variation of wind speed with altitude, wind power density and capacity factor of wind farm are analyzed. Based on the wind speed data at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 m altitudes in that region, the monthly and annual mean wind speeds, annual mean wind power density and probability distribution of wind speed are calculated in a typical meteorological year. Besides, the shape factor, scale factor and cumulative probability of the Weibull distribution at various altitudes are estimated by making use of the maximum likelihood method. Furthermore, eight kinds of small- and medium-sized wind turbines are chosen to study their capacity factor and mean power output. As a result, it is shown that the wind energy resource in that region is in between available and rich zones, and the capacity factor for the selected wind turbines is quite small, ranged from 4.4% to 19.8%. This is mainly attributed to the lower mean wind speed in the region. Thus the region is unsuitable for a large-scale wind farm, but small-scale wind farms or wind-hybrid power systems or mechanical systems driven by wind power can be a suitable option.

关 键 词：风能资源 乌鲁木齐 威布尔分布 风能功率密度 容量因子 

分 类 号：S213[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TM315[农业科学—农业工程]