面向嵌入式系统绿色需求的数据分配方法  

Green Demands Oriented Data Allocation for Embedded Systems

作　　者：何炎祥[1,2] 喻涛[1] 陈勇[3] 李清安[2] 江南[1] 徐超[1] 文卫东[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学计算机学院,武汉430072 [2]软件工程国家重点实验室(武汉大学),武汉430072 [3]中国电子科技集团公司第14研究所,南京210013

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2015年第1期94-104,共11页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点项目(91118003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(61170022;61373039;61373160);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(2013014111002512)

摘　　要：能耗和资源等绿色需求是嵌入式系统发展不容忽视的因素.数据分配作为编译后端的重要优化手段,对能耗以及资源的利用率有着重要影响.为提高资源和能源的有效利用率,构建了数据分配过程的绿色评估模型,并以此为指导,提出了一种迭代式多目标分配优化方法,从能源消耗和资源的均衡使用度2个方面出发,利用可交换类指令重排优化和寄存器重分配优化,对总线和存储系统的绿色指标进行改进.模拟实验表明,该方法相对于GCC编译器,能够获得23%左右的绿色指标提升值,为满足更高的绿色需求提供了保障.Green demands, such as energy efficiency and resource utilization, have become critical issues during the design of embedded systems. Data allocation, one of the most important back-end optimization methods of compiler, can largely influence the utilization of energy and resources. This paper proposes a data allocation approach to improve the effective utilization of resources and energy. First, a green evaluation model for data allocation is proposed in this paper. In this model, green indicators are proposed to represent both energy efficiency and resource utilization. Second, based on the evaluation model, an iterative style multi-objective data allocation approach is proposed to reduce the energy consumption and to balance the resource utilization. This data allocation approach resorts to two common compilation optimization techniques, i. e. , exchangeable instructions rearrangement and register reallocation, to improve the green indicators. In addition, an iterative framework is employed to synthesize the exchangeable instructions rearrangement and register reallocation techniques smoothly to improve the green indicators further. Simulation experiment results show that the proposed method can obtain about 23% improvement on average when GCC compiler is the baseline. Therefore, the proposed method can significantly improve the green indicators.

关 键 词：绿色需求 能耗 资源均衡使用 数据分配 寄存器重分配 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] TP314[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]