板型先进高温堆的可燃毒物装载优化  

Optimal design of burnable poisons for the advanced plate-type high-temperature reactor

作　　者：魏书华[1,2,3] 余笑寒[1,3] 邹杨[1,3] 戴叶[1,3] 朱贵凤[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所嘉定园区,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院核辐射与核能技术重点实验室,上海201800

出　　处：《核技术》2015年第1期72-79,共8页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技资助项目(No.XDA0201002);国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2010CB934501);国家自然科学基金(No.11005148);上海市科学技术委员会(No.11JC1414900)资助

摘　　要：板型先进高温堆(Advanced high-temperature reactor,AHTR)的设计概念是由美国橡树岭国家实验室提出并发展的,由于其初始剩余反应性较高,除控制棒外,还考虑采用可燃毒物来补偿剩余反应性。本文通过比较6种候选可燃毒物在燃耗后期的毒物残留特性,从中选取了B4C、Gd2O3、CdO和Er2O3四种球形可燃毒物,采用MCNP与Origen2的耦合程序对其尺寸和装载量进行优化计算。结果表明,可燃毒物Er2O3性能最佳,当每块燃料板装载176 g颗粒半径为740μm的Er2O3时,剩余反应性大约从39 000 pcm降到4 400 pcm,燃耗深度只降低约3%。Background： The advanced high-temperature reactor （AHTR） is conceptional designed by Oka Ridge National Laboratory （ORNL） for a central generating station type of 3400 MWt fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactor （FHR）. The design employs an innovative plate-type coated particle fuel assembly with uranium enrichment of 9%-20%. The initial core excess reactivity is too large to be handled by the control blades alone. Purpose： This study aims to eliminate the problem of high excess reactivity by analyzing the use of spherical burnable particles. Methods： First of all, according to the physical properties and burn-up chain of burnable poison （BP） materials, six potential candidates were analyzed, and four of them, i.e. B4C, Gd203, CdO and Er203 were chosen for further study. Then, the MCNP and Origen2 coupling program were employed to optimize the BP loading using single fuel assembly calculations. Finally, the keff, which changes with burn-up time, was used as optimization parameter to attain the optimal radius and mass. Results： Simulation results showed that the reactivity swing reduced from 39% to about 4.4%, 6.8%, 7.3% and 13. 1% respectively, when loading 176 g Er203 with a radius of 740 μm, 3 g B4C with a radius of 100 μm, 120 g Gd203 with a radius of 1 500 μm and 160 g CdO with a radius of 2 000 μm separately. Conclusion： Er203 is recommended as the best BP material to eliminate the problem of high excess reactivity in plate-fuel type AHTR.

关 键 词：先进高温堆 板型燃料元件 可燃毒物 

分 类 号：TL32[核科学技术—核技术及应用]