采煤沉陷水域底泥及周边土壤性质差异分析及其环境意义  

Difference between sediment samples from coal mine subsidence water and soil samples around it and its environment significance

作　　者：范廷玉[1] 严家平[1] 王顺[1] 阮淑娴[1] 谷得明 程方奎[1] 陆春辉[2,3] 刘锦[2,3] 陈威[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司,安徽淮南232001 [3]煤矿生态环境保护国家工程实验室,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2014年第10期2075-2082,共8页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41372369);煤矿生态环境保护国家工程实验室开放基金资助项目(HNKY-JT-JS-(2011));安徽理工大学第3批中青年学术骨干基金资助项目

摘　　要：为查明沉陷水域底泥及周边土壤对沉陷水域特征污染指标的潜在影响，确定采煤沉陷水域的主导污染源，以淮北临涣采煤沉陷水域为研究对象，对沉陷水域底泥及周边土壤进行了样点布设与样品采集，测试了不同层位底泥及土壤的氮、磷、有机质等指标。由9n,4试结果可以得出：采煤沉陷水域底泥中的pH，Eh、有机质等指标均低于土壤，其中有机质减少了80％～95％，氮、总磷、有效磷、总碳含量高于周边土壤，分别平均增加了约20％，5．35％，8．37％，93．24％，说明采煤沉陷水域在积水的25a间，原有肥沃的表层土壤中的有机质逐渐分解，采煤沉陷不仅导致了耕地面积的减少，而且导致了土壤中有机质的损失；水体与底泥间总碳、氮、磷等物质的交换趋势为水体向底泥中富集，同时间接地说明了在没有集中污染源排放的情况下，采煤沉陷水域暂时没有内源释放污染物的风险，控制外源输入是保护沉陷区水环境的主要措施。To investigate the potential effect of the sediments in subsidence water area and the soil around it on their characteristic indexes, and then determine the dominant sources of pollution, the sediment samples under Linhuan coal mine subsidence water of Huaibei City and the soil samples around it were collected, and their indexes were monitored including nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter, etc. It is shown as follows ： the pH, Eh, organic matter of sediment are lower than that of soil, especially the organic matter was 80% -95% less. The nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphate,total carbon of sediment were higher than that of soil,with the average increase of 20% ,5.35% ,8.37% , 93.24% respectively. During 25 years＇ subsidence period, the organic carbon in original soil was biodegradated. The subsidence caused not just large loss of farmland area, but the decline of soil quality. At the same time, the nitrogen, phosphorus, total carbon were concentrated from water to sediment, and then, the releasing risk of internal sediment pollutants was low and the input of external pollutants could be the main pollution source. Therefore, the input control of external pollutants would be the main method for protecting the water environment at subsidence water area.

关 键 词：采煤 沉陷水域 底泥 土壤性质 差异分析 

分 类 号：TD88[矿业工程—矿山开采]