不同垫料组成对猪用发酵床细菌群落的影响  

Effects of Different Bedding Litters on Bacterial Community in Pig Biobed

作　　者：宦海琳[1] 闫俊书[1] 周维仁[1] 白建勇[1] 徐小明[1] 冯国兴[1] 顾洪如[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农科院畜牧研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第9期1843-1848,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金CX12(1001)

摘　　要：为了解垫料基质中细菌的群落结构多样性,应用PCR-DGGE技术对发酵床7种不同垫料(锯木屑、稻壳、酒糟、菌糠、醋糟、稻草、稻壳炭)的细菌群落结构进行了研究,根据DGGE指纹图谱,对它们的细菌群落多样性和优势条带进行了分析。结果表明,垫料样品的细菌多样性指数、丰富度均有所不同,酒糟垫料组细菌多样性指数最高,稻草垫料组细菌多样性指数最低。全锯木屑与50%稻壳相似性较高而聚为一类,与50%菌糠次之,与50%稻草的相似性最低。在垫料基质中检测到的菌群主要是节杆菌属(Arthrobacter sp.)、Amaricoccu sp.、马杜拉放线菌属(Actinomadura sp.)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillales sp.)、梭菌属(Clostridium sp.)、肠杆菌属(Escherichia sp.)、细杆菌属(Microbacterium sp.)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus sp.)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus sp.),以及一些未知的菌群。垫料组成是影响发酵床垫料微生物构成的重要因素,稻壳、菌糠作为垫料可部分替代锯木屑,而对发酵床垫料的微生物区系影响较小。Previous research has shown that different digestion efficiency of various bedding litters in pig biobeds is linked to bacterial variation. Here we examined both bacterial community structure and predominant bands in biobeds with seven different bedding litters（full sawdust, rice husk, distiller′s grains, mushroom residue, vinegar residue, rice straw and rice husk charcoal）using PCR-DGGE technique. The Shannon-Wiener index and richness had significant differences in different litters, with the highest Shannon-Wiener index found in the distiller′s grains but the lowest in the rice straw. Bacterial community structure in 50% rice husk showed high similarity with that in full sawdust, followed by 50% mushroom residue, while the lowest similarity found in 50% straw. Bacterial strains detected in bedding litters belonged to Arthrobacter sp., Amaricoccu sp., Actinomadura sp., Bacillales sp., Clostridium sp., Escherichia sp., Microbacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Rhodococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and some unclassified-bacteria. In conclusion, bedding litter composition is an important factor influencing bacterial community structure of biobeds. Rice husk and mushroom residues could partially replace sawdust as bedding materials with little impacts on the microbial community.

关 键 词：发酵床 垫料 细菌群落 DGGE 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]