嫩江沙地农田防护林带节水性分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Water-Saving Characteristics of Nenjiang Sandy Farmland Shelterbelt

作　　者：于春洺 俞冬兴[2] 毕广有[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘南县甘南林场,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [2]黑龙江省森林与环境科学研究院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《防护林科技》2014年第8期26-29,共4页Protection Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：通过对防护林体系内主要树种蒸腾耗水量的观测,研究分析了不同树种之间蒸腾耗水的差异,结果表明:在嫩江平原当前防护林体系中,针叶树中樟子松纯林的蒸腾速率最小,农防林建设和更新改造中要重点采用该树种,逐步提高樟子松作为防护林建设和更新主栽树种比重;阔叶树中小黑杨蒸腾速率最小,生长季耗水量小于年降水量,可作为农防林首选阔叶树种;各类型防护林在6月到9月的整个生长季,总的蒸腾耗水量实测值排序为:银中杨纯林>樟子松+小黑杨>落叶松纯林>落叶松+小黑杨>小黑杨纯林>樟子松纯林;几种灌木树种生长季耗水量小于同期降雨量,可与其他乔木树种搭配,形成乔灌结合林型,降低单位面积耗水量。Through observation of transpiration water consumption of main tree species in shelter forest system ,this paper studied and analyzed the transpiration water consumption differences among different tree species .The re-search showed that transpiration rate of single Pinus sylvestris var . mongolica in conifer forest was the lowest in the current Nenjiang plain shelter forest system ,which should be mainly employed in the farm shelter forest con-struction and upgrading ,and gradually raised the proportion .While it was Populus ＆#215; xiaohei in broad-leaved forest with the smallest transpiration rate that water consumption in growth season lower than annual rainfall ,therefore ,it should be preferred used as farm shelter forest in broad-leaved tree species .The array of total transpiration water consumption for various type of shelter forest from June to September was single Pop lus alba‘erolinensis’ ＆gt;mixed Pinus sylvestris var .mongolicaand Populus ＆#215; xiaohei＆gt;single Larix gmelinii＆gt;mixed Larix gmelinii and Popu-lus ＆#215; xiaohei＆gt; single Populus ＆#215; xiaohei＆gt; single Pinus sylvestris var .mongolica .Water consumption of several shrub tree species was less than rainfall at the same period during the growing season ,so those shrub tree species can match with other arbor tree species to form shrubbery combined with arbor forest type ,thereby to reduce water con-sumption per unit area .

关 键 词：农田防护林 蒸腾速率 低耗水树种 蒸腾耗水量 

分 类 号：S727.24[农业科学—林木遗传育种]