列宁资本主义观变化的内在逻辑及当代启示——从俄国资本主义发展理论到新经济政策理论  

The Internal Logic of Lenin's View on Capitalism in His Early and Late Years and Its Contemporary Value——from the Russian Capitalist Development Theory to the New Economic Policy

作　　者：徐芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南京政治学院学报》2014年第6期6-14,共9页Journal of PLA Nanjing Institute of Politics

基　　金：江苏省社科基金2013年度青年项目"马克思主义社会发展道路理论的演进逻辑研究"(13MLC010);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘　　要：列宁曾在两个截然不同的历史时期对资本主义持辩证肯定态度,前者隶属于俄国资本主义发展理论,后者隶属于新经济政策理论。学界关于后者的研究成果可谓汗牛充栋,但鲜有人从宏观上去考察这两个理论的内在逻辑。从理论形成的依据或逻辑起点来看,二者具有同质性,体现为具有共同的历史唯物主义的方法论、最大限度维护工农群众利益的价值诉求和实现社会主义的实践指向。从理论层次或逻辑发展来看,后者在应答如何建设社会主义这一时代课题中实现了对前者的超越,不论在理论范畴的归属上,还是在如何对待资本主义的实践方式上,都有了飞跃性的发展。这种逻辑发展背后体现出来的理论创新精神与理论批判精神,则体现了二者在理论精神上的一致性。厘清上述问题,不仅有助于从整体上把握列宁的发展观,而且对于现实社会主义建设事业的推进和中国特色社会主义理论的发展具有重要的启示意义。Lenin held a dialectically positive attitude toward capitalism in two distinct periods, namely the period of the Russian capitalist development theory and the period of the new economic policy. Much discussion has been conducted on the first theory in academia while the internal logic of the two theories has little been dealt with from the macro perspective. In fact, homogeneity does exist between the two theories in terms of both logistic start or academic basis, which is embodied in the methodology of historical materialism, the value appeal of safeguarding the interests of workers and peasants to the greatest extent, and their socialist practical orientation. In its answer to the question of how to build socialism the latter has gone beyond the former and has advanced greatly not only in the theoretical categories but also in the mode of how to treat capitalism.The innovative and critical spirit revealed in the logical development reflects the consistency in the theoretical principle. To clarify the issues above not only helps to grasp Lenin’s view on development but also helps to promote the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：俄国资本主义 新经济政策 社会主义 列宁 

分 类 号：A8[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]