中国粮食安全状况评价与战略思考  

Appraisal and Strategic Consideration on Food Security Status of China

作　　者：张元红[1] 刘长全[1] 国鲁来[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社科院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2015年第1期2-14,29,共14页China Rural Survey

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程资助

摘　　要：本文基于国际公认的粮食安全概念,构建了包括供给、分配、消费、利用效率、保障结果、稳定性、可持续性和调控力等8个方面的指标体系,对中国粮食安全保障的现状、趋势、问题进行了分析。结果表明,中国粮食安全当前处于较高水平且近年不断提升。中国粮食安全保障有多重优势,自给率、人均热量和蛋白供给等多项指标超过世界平均水平,甚至超过发达国家平均水平。中国粮食安全面临的主要问题是营养结构不合理、环境可持续性较差等。未来提高中国粮食安全水平要在保障粮食生产能力、稳定粮食产量的基础上,调整产出结构、采用环境友好的生产方式、重视需求管理、减少不舍理消费和损耗、适当降低储备率。Based on internationally accepted concept of food security,this paper constructs indices representing supply,distribution,consumption,utilization,result,stabilization,sustainability and control,to appraise the status,trends and problems of food security of China.Result shows that food security of China is at high level and has kept rising during the past years.China has many advantages in food security,which are manifested by the facts that many indices are better than those of world average,and even the average of developed nations,e.g.rate of self-sufficiency,per capita supply of energy and protein.Main problems of food security of China are inappropriate composition of nutrition and unsustainability of environment.Further improvement of food security could be achieved by adjusting production structure,employing more environment-friendly way of production,emphasizing management of consumption,reducing overconsumption and losses,lowering rate of storage appropriately.

关 键 词：粮食安全 指数 自给率 可持续性 

分 类 号：F762.1[经济管理—产业经济]