2009-2012年医务人员职业暴露现状分析  

Analysis of the current status of occupational exposure among medical staffs between 2009 and 2012

作　　者：薛小萍[1] 韩崇旭[1] 韩东升[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省苏北人民医院医学检验科,江苏扬州225001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第2期216-218,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解医院医务人员发生职业暴露的现状,提高医务人员安全防护意识,减少职业暴露事件的发生。方法对2009年1月1日-2012年12月31日发生的142起医务人员职业暴露事件发生人群、暴露源、暴露类型及处理措施等进行统计分析。结果护士是职业暴露最主要的人群,占50.70%,进修、实习生群体居次,占23.94%。锐器伤为导致暴露的主要原因,占到94.37%,暴露源主要为乙型肝炎、梅毒和丙肝,分别占51.41%(73起)、20.42%(29起)和5.63%(8起)。所有职业暴露相关医务人员在暴露发生后均能按规定流程紧急处理伤口,暂未发现因职业暴露而感染相关疾病。结论加强对医务人员,特别是进修生及实习生的岗前培训,增强医务人员职业暴露防护意识,严格执行标准预防原则,预防锐器伤,可有效预防或减少职业暴露的发生。Objective The study was conducted to assess the current status of occupational exposure of medical staffs in hospitals,aiming to improve the awareness of safety protection and reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure. Methods The exposed population, source of exposure, type of exposure, and treatment measure of 142 cases of occupational exposure occurred between January 1stof 2009 and December 31 stof 2012 were statistically analyzed. Results Nurses were the most vulnerable population to occupational exposure（50.70%）, followed by trainees and interns（23.94%）. Sharps injury was the main cause of exposure（94.37%）.The sources of exposure were mainly hepatitis B, syphilis, and hepatitis C; accounting for 51.41%（73 cases）, 20.42%（29 cases）,and 5.63%（8 cases）, respectively. All exposed medical staffs took care of their wounds according to the emergency protocol for occupational exposure, and thus none was found infected with any possible diseases. Conclusion The incidence of occupational exposure can be effectively prevented or reduced by strengthening pre-employment education for medical staffs, especially for trainees and interns, enhancing the awareness of occupational exposure protection of medical staffs, strictly enforcing the standard precautionary principle, and avoiding sharps injuries.

关 键 词：医务人员 职业暴露 锐器伤 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]