成都市10年间0~14岁城区儿童哮喘患病情况的对比分析  

Comparative analysis of 0-14 years old children with asthma in Chengdu City in 10 years

作　　者：李敏[1] 李兰[1] 蒋虹[1] 庞英[2] 姚斌[1] 娄春艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院儿科,四川成都610072 [2]四川攀枝花市妇幼保健院儿科,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第2期239-241,251,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：成都市科技局科研项目(NO.10GGYB382SF-182)

摘　　要：目的对比分析2000与2010年成都市儿童哮喘患病情况的变化。方法采取随机、整群、不等比抽样方法。对2次筛查出的哮喘儿童,均由统一的呼吸专科医师采用回顾性调查填表法进行相关资料的调查。获得的数据资料再经SPSS/PC统计软件进行对比分析。结果 2000年和2010年儿童哮喘的累计患病率分别为4.33%和4.56%,10年间累积患病率上升5.31%。与10年前比较,2010年婴儿期首次发病年龄明显减少,首次发病年龄高峰后移;既往正确诊断率明显提高;治疗时全身激素和抗生素的使用率明显下降、吸入糖皮质激素的比例明显增加;常年发作程度减轻,但2年以上不发作的比例没有变化。结论与10年前比较,2010年虽然诊断水平及治疗方法都有了很大提高,但儿童哮喘患病率仍呈上升趋势,完全控制的比例未有明显改变。仍需各级医师努力推广全球哮喘防治创议(GINA),积极寻找和回避环境不良因素,坚持长期规范化的用药。Objective This work was to compare prevalence of children asthma in Chengdu City 10 years ago and now by data survey and analysis. Methods A random, stratified, disproportionate sampling method was used in this study. All children with asthma sorted out by two surveys were involved in this study. Data were collected with forms which was filled by unified respiratory specialists using retrospective survey method, and then analyzed by using the SPSS/PC statistical software. Results Prevalence of children asthma were 4.33% 10 years ago and 4.56% for now, respectively. Prevalence raised 5.31% during these 10 years.Compared to 10 years ago, the age of onset during infant period was significantly younger, peak of first onset age delayed, correct diagnosis rate obviously increased, systemic glucocorticoid and antibiotics treatment decreased significantly. Meanwhile inhaled corticosteroids were more frequently used. Perennial attack relieved, however the proportion of never-attack cases during 2 years or longer was not changed. Conclusion Despite diagnosis and treatment were significantly improved during these 10 years, the prevalence of children asthma increased, and proportion of fully-controlled cases did not obviously change. Doctors are encouraged to expand The Global Initiative for Asthma（GINA）, find out and avoid bad environmental factors, and stick to long-term normalized drug usage.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 患病率 对比分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]