凉山州14县农村地区人群艾滋病抗体抽样调查结果分析  

Analysis on the results of sampling survey for HIV infection among rural population in 14 counties of Liangshan prefecture

作　　者：王启兴[1] 龚煜汉[1] 南磊[1] 马名驹[1] 尹碧波[1] 马兆瑾[1] 边仕超[1] 王科[1] 肖林[1] 叶少东[2] 刘中夫[2] 张广[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川省凉山彝族自治州疾病预防控制中心,四川西昌615000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治中心,北京100000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第2期328-331,350,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中国-默沙东艾滋病合作项目(C-MAP)

摘　　要：目的了解凉山州14县农村地区常住人口HIV感染状况及影响因素,为当地的艾滋病防治措施提供基础资料。方法 2009年对凉山州德昌、会理、会东、宁南、普格、金阳、雷波、美姑、甘洛、越西、喜德、冕宁、盐源、木里等14个县、共140个村农村常住人口进行抽样调查。调查对象知情同意后,由调查员进行一对一问卷调查,并采血进行HIV抗体检测。结果共调查46 756人,平均年龄为（31.37±15.10）岁,男性别比为0.95,汉族占49.28%,彝族占46.11%;有吸毒史的占0.44%,吸毒人群中静脉注射占31.04%,口吸、静脉注射两者都有的占31.61%;最近1年有多性伴史的占0.94%,最近1次多性伴关系中使用安全套的占23.79%;最近1年有外出打工史的占6.54%。调查人群的平均HIV抗体阳性率为0.79%,男性HIV抗体阳性率为1.28%,15-29岁人群为1.53%;离异或丧偶为1.29%,彝族人群为1.58%。经多因素分析显示男性（OR=3.023）、50岁以下（OR=5.090）、农民（OR=4.802）、彝族（OR=11.797）、文盲（OR=1.559）、有吸毒史（OR=15.945）易感染HIV。结论凉山州14县农村地区常住人口中HIV感染率较高,以彝族中青年、男性为主,主要与注射吸毒行为有关,应针对不同的人群行为特征及时采取有效的干预措施。Objective The aim of this study was to understand the situation of HIV prevalence and the influencing factors among residents of rural areas in 14 counties of Liangshan prefecture, in order to provide evidence for developing control and prevention strategy at local level. Methods Sampling survey on HIV infection was conducted among the permanent rural residents in counties including Dechang, Huili, Huidong, Ningnan, Puge, Jingyang, Leibo, Meigu, Ganluo, Yuexi, Xide, Mianning, Yanyuan, and Muli.With informed consent, the face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect information on demographics and behaviors. Blood samples were collected for HIV antibody testing. Results Among a total of 46756 interviewed residents, the average age was31.37±15.10, male to female ratio was 0.95, 46.11% of interviewees belonged to Yi nationality, and 49.28% belonged to Han nationality. Those with illegal drugs use accounted for 0.44% of total, 31.04% of illegal drug used were intravenous drug use, and31.04% were both simple oral drug intake and intravenous drug use. 0.94% of the interviewees had multi sexual partners in the last year, and the rate of using condoms in the last sex with partner was only 23.79%. 6.54% of interviewees worked outside the counties in the last year. The HIV positive rate was 0.79%. The HIV positive rate among the male was 1.28%, and the percentage of group from 15 to 29 was 1.53%, the percentage of divorced or widowed was 1.29%, the percentage of people with Yi nationality was1.58%. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk factors for high HIV infection were male（OR=3.023）,below 50 years old（OR=5.090）, farmer（OR=4.802）, Yi nationality（OR=11.797）, illiteracy（OR=1.559）, and illegal drug usage（OR=15.9457）. Conclusion HIV infection among rural residents in 14 counties of Liangshan prefecture was high, especially among residents with Yi nationality, young and middle-aged, male, and those with high risk behavior of illegal drug use. It is urgent to implem

关 键 词：HIV 农村 抽样 

分 类 号：R181.36[医药卫生—流行病学]