试论庄子对文学想象论的贡献  

Study on the Contribution for the Theory of Imagination of Literature from Zhuangzi

作　　者：孙敏强[1] 黄敏雪 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中文系,教授博士生导师杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2015年第1期114-122,151,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"中国古代文学结构生成与脉论研究"(13YJA751042)阶段性成果

摘　　要：庄子对文学想象论的贡献,首先体现在虚静之说,而其关于言意关系的思考,寓言创制与理念,对后人更有导向性影响。寓言是广义的意象,庄子寓言思维通于意象思维,但寓言不等于意象,寓言式思维也不同于意象思维。意象和意象式思维更切合抒情文学与抒情性想象,而寓言与寓言式思维更切合叙事艺术与叙事性虚构想象。庄子的寓言实践与叙事理念,弥补了传统想象论重视抒情性想象和意象式思维,轻忽诗、史之外的叙事文学想象虚构的偏缺。随着叙事文学文论的发展,在后人关于叙事艺术奇与正、幻与真和虚与实关系的思考中,在李渔、金圣叹等叙事论家的论说里,庄子理念获得了久远的响应,我国文学想象论方趋于完备。The first representation of the contribution of Zhuangzi for the theory of imagination of literature is the theory of Unreal Quietness,when his thinking of the relationship between expression and meaning makes more directedness influence on posterity as same as his creation and idea of fable. In a wide sense of the word,fable is also imagery. Although Zhuangzi's idea of fable and imagery is interlinked,fable is not imagery,and allegorical thinking is different from the idea of imagery. Imagery and the idea of imagery tally better with lyric literature and lyricism imagination,when fable and allegorical thinking tally better with narrative art and narrative imagination. Zhuangzi's fable and idea of narration fill the gap of traditional theory of imagination's putting a high value on lyricism imagination and idea of imagery and looking down on imagination of narrative literary works besides poem and history. As the development of narrative literary theory,Zhuangzi's idea has gained profound and lasting responses from posterity's thinking of narrative art and the theory of narrative theorists like Li Yu and Jin Shengtan,Because of that,the theory of literary imagination of China became complete.

关 键 词：庄子 想象论 虚静说 言意关系 寓言式思维 叙事性想象 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]