“起去”:双音趋向动词语法系统的一个成员  

"Qiqu(起去)" as a Disyllabic Directional Verb

作　　者：邢福义[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心,430079

出　　处：《汉语学报》2015年第1期2-12,95,共11页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"全球华语语法研究"(编号:11&ZD128);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目"汉语语法‘普-方'比较研究"(编号:11JJD740017)成果

摘　　要：有学者认为"起来"走完了语法化全程,以此作为推理大前提,断定"起去"未完成语法化。本文指出:充当了动词的后置成分,形成了体系性方阵,这是双音趋向动词语法化的充足条件,对系统中的每个成员一视同仁,不分强弱。文言文里,双音趋向动词充当动词后置成分现象极为罕见,未形成语法系统;在近古白话阶段,双音趋向动词系统方阵已然形成,跟现代汉语的情况基本相同,只存在若干差异。从近古到现当代,"起去"的存在是客观事实。不仅如此,"起去"还在往前走,这有新的用例可以证明。通过"归谬",可以突出显示,以"起来"作为基准的大前提,不能推导出可靠的结论。Some scholars think that 'qilai(起来)' has finished its process of grammaticalization,while 'qiqu(起去') has not.This paper points out that serving as complements of verbs systematically is the sufficient condition for judging the grammaticalization of disyllabic directional verbs.In classical Chinese it was quite rare to find complements served by disyllabic directional verbs.But in vernacular Chinese spoken in near-present time,the system of disyllabic directional verbs has already come into being,which is quite similar to those in contemporary Chinese.The paper holds that the existence of 'qiqu(起去)' is irrefutable in history of Chinese,and it is further developing as proved with many new examples.Through reductio ad absurdum we can find that the former conclusion reached with the standard of 'qilai(起来)' is not reliable.

关 键 词：趋向动词 双音 语法化 起来 起去 大前提 归谬 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]