泼洒和投喂芽孢杆菌对刺参生长以及消化和免疫相关酶活性的影响  

Influence of Water Additive and Feed Supplementary Bacillus cereus on the Growth and Activity of Digestive and Immune Relating Enzyme of Sea Cucumber

作　　者：田相利[1] 赵坤[1] 王军[1] 阳钢[1] 闫法军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期18-25,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);山东省杰出青年基金项目(JQ201009);青岛市关键攻关计划项目(12-6-1-6-hy)资助

摘　　要：通过拌饵投喂和水体泼洒2种使用方式,研究了不同浓度的蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus,编号BC-01)对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)幼参的生长、肠道消化酶和体腔液非特异性免疫相关酶活性的影响。其中,水体泼洒实验组芽孢杆菌使用量分别为106、108和1010cfu·m-3(以活菌量计),拌饵投喂实验组芽孢杆菌添加量分别为107、109和1011cfu·kg-1(以活菌量计),以投喂基础饲料且水体无芽孢杆菌泼洒组为对照组,整个实验持续56d。结果表明:(1)水体泼洒106 cfu·m-3和拌饵投喂109 cfu·kg-1的芽孢杆菌可以显著促进刺参的生长,并显著降低刺参体重变异系数(P<0.05)。(2)泼洒108 cfu·m-3芽孢杆菌实验组的刺参肠道蛋白酶活性以及泼洒106和108 cfu·m-3芽孢杆菌实验组的脂肪酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。投喂芽孢杆菌能显著提高刺参肠道蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),投喂107 cfu·kg-1芽孢杆菌的实验组刺参肠道脂肪酶活性和投喂109和1011cfu·kg-1芽孢杆菌的实验组淀粉酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)水体泼洒芽孢杆菌则显著提高刺参体腔液LSZ活性(P<0.05),但对SOD活性影响不大(P>0.05)。1010cfu·m-3芽孢杆菌泼洒浓度可以显著增强刺参体腔液AKP和ACP活性(P<0.05)。而投喂109和1011cfu·kg-1芽孢杆菌可以显著提高刺参体腔液过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和溶菌酶(LSZ)活性(P<0.05)。可以看出,芽孢杆菌BC-01以饵料添加方式对刺参体腔液免疫酶活性的促进作用优于水体泼洒。综合比较表明,芽孢杆菌BC-01拌饵添加的适宜浓度为109 cfu·kg-1,对刺参的生长、消化功能和非特异性免疫能力均具有显著促进作用。The influence of water additive and feed supplementary Bacillus cereus BC-01 on the growth and activity of digesting and non-specific immune relating enzyme of sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus） were determined in this study.For water adding,the applying concentration of B.cereus BC-01 was 10^6,10^8 and 10^10cfu · m^-3.As feed supplement,the additive dose was 10^7,10^9 and 10^11cfu · kg^-1.In the control,no B.cereus BC-01 was applied into water and supplemented in feed.This investigation lasted 56 days.The results were showed as followings：（1） The specific growth rate of A.japonicus enhanced and the coefficient of variation in body weight decreased when B.cereus BC-01 was 10^6cfu/m^-3 by water applying and 10^9 cfu · kg^-1 by feed supplementary （P〈0.05）.（2） The protease activity in digestive gut improved when B.cereus BC-01 was 10^8cfu · m^-3,and the lipase activity increased when B.cereus BC-01was 10^6 and 10^8 cfu · m^-3 by water applying （P〈0.05）.The protease activity in digestive gut improved when B.cereus BC-01 was supplemented in feed （P〈0.05）.The lipase activity in digestive gut increased when B.cereus BC-01was 10^7 cfu · kg^-1 by feed supplementary （P〈0.05）,and the amylase activity enhanced when B.cereus BC-01 was 10^9 and 10^11 cfu · kg^-1 （P〈0.05）.（3） The lysozyme （LSZ） activity in coelomic fluid increased by water applying bacterium （P〈0.05） ; however,superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was not influenced （P〉0.05）.When the bacterium was 10^10 cfu · m^-3,the activity of alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and acid phosphatase （ACP） in coelomic fluid significantly increased （P〈0.05）.When the bacterium was 10^9 and 10^11 cfu · kg^-1,the activity of SOD,AKP,ACP and LSZ in coelomic fluid increased （P〈0.05）.In comparison,the influence of the bacterium on the activity of immune relating enzymes in coelomic fluid was greater when it was supplemented in feed.These findings indicated that B.cereus BC-01 significantly promo

关 键 词：刺参 芽孢杆菌 消化酶 非特异性免疫 生长 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]