用于地震预警的通用数据采集系统构建  

A Low-latency Data Acquisition System for Earthquake Early Warning

作　　者：彭朝勇[1] 杨建思[1] 薛兵[2] 陈阳[2] 李江[2] 朱小毅[2] 徐志强[1] 郑钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081 [2]中国地震局地震预测研究所,北京100036

出　　处：《地震》2015年第1期140-148,共9页Earthquake

基　　金：中国地震局地球物理研究所中央级公益性笠研院所基本科研究业务专项(DQJB14B05);国家自然科学基金(41404048);国家科技支撑计划专题(2012BAF14B12-02)联合资助

摘　　要：地震预警作为一种能够有效减轻地震灾害的手段已经被越来越多的国家和地区研究,并在实际应用中取得了显著的减灾实效。但是,这些地震预警系统中都是以秒为单位组织数据包进行传输的,使得在使用P波前三秒数据进行τc-Pd计算时,会出现一定的延迟,尤其是当P波开始位置处于数据包的前半部分时,延迟会超过0.5s以上。另外,由于现有的地震数据采集系统在同一时刻只能输出一种采样率,采集到的数据无法在同一时刻用于多种研究目的。针对这两种情况,研制了一种适用于地震预警的低延迟数据采集系统,以100ms的延迟进行实时数据的传输,有效提升了预警时间,最多可增加0.8s。同时,在系统中增加了同步多采样率输出,使得采集到的数据在同一时刻既可用于全球地震学研究(1Hz),又可用于常规地震台站观测(50/100/200Hz),提高地震计产出数据的利用率。As one of effective ways to mitigate earthquake hazards,earthquake early warning （EEW） is studied by many countries and regions in the world and there is significant mitigation effectiveness during practical application.However,all the real-time data transferring in these EEW systems are organized in one packet per second and a certain delay exists when using first three seconds data of P wave for τc ＆ Pd calculation.Especially,when P wave starts at the first part of a data packet,the delay is more than 0.5 s.Furthermore,the acquired data can＇t be used for a variety of research purposes simultaneously because only one sampling rate data is outputted at the same time.In order to solve these two problems,we develop a low-latency data acquisition system for EEW.It can transfer real-time data by one packet per 100 ms so that the leading time can be improved with 0.8 s at maximum.In addition,we also add multi-sampling rate data output function which can improve utilization rate of the seismometer output data by making its data available for global seismic studies （1 Hz） and conventional seismic observation （50/100/200 Hz）.

关 键 词：数据采集 低延迟 地震预警 嵌入式LINUX 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学]