鱼粉蛋白与发酵酶解豆粕蛋白不同配比对日本沼虾生长及免疫性能的影响  

Effects of Different Protein Ratios of Fish Meal to Fermented and Enzymolysis Soybean Meal on Growth and Immune Performance of Oriental River Prawn(Macrobrachium nipponense)

作　　者：丁志丽[1] 张易祥[1] 叶金云[1] 周志金 杜震宇[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院水生动物繁育与营养重点实验室,湖州师范学院生命科学学院,湖州313000 [2]湖州市水产技术推广站,湖州313000 [3]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第1期154-164,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：浙江省重大科技专项计划项目(2014C12SA560016);浙江省科技计划项目(2012C12008-2);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14C190004);国家自然科学基金(31402308);上海市农业委员会虾类产业技术体系建设项目

摘　　要：本试验旨在评价补充微囊氨基酸条件下鱼粉蛋白和发酵酶解豆粕蛋白不同配比对日本沼虾生长和免疫性能的影响。试验配制5组等氮等能饲料,以发酵酶解豆粕分别替代饲料中0(FM组)、25%(R25组)、50%(R50组)、75%(R75组)以及100%的鱼粉(R100组)(鱼粉蛋白与发酵酶解豆粕蛋白配比分别为1∶0、3∶1、1∶1、1∶3和0∶1),对平均体重为(0.103 0±0.000 2)g的日本沼虾进行8周的饲养试验,随后对各组虾进行嗜水气单胞菌感染试验。每组设5个重复,每个重复50尾虾。结果表明:当鱼粉蛋白与发酵酶解豆粕蛋白配比为1∶1时,日本沼虾的增重率达到最大,显著高于FM和R100组(P<0.05),各组日本沼虾的存活率无显著差异(P>0.05);各组日本沼虾的肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著差异(P>0.05);FM组日本沼虾的血细胞总数及血淋巴吞噬活性均显著高于R100组(P<0.05);肝胰腺中热应激同源蛋白70和热应激蛋白90的mRNA相对表达水平分别在FM和R25组达到最高,显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);当发酵酶解豆粕替代鱼粉比例超过50%时,嗜水气单胞菌感染后日本沼虾的累计死亡率显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,发酵酶解豆粕可作为日本沼虾饲料中较好的蛋白质源,在氨基酸平衡条件下鱼粉蛋白和发酵酶解豆粕蛋白的最佳配比为1∶1。This experiment was conducted to evalute the effects of different protein ratios of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal with microencapsulated amino acid supplementation in diets on growth and immune performance of oriental river prawn （ Macrobrachium nipponense ） . Fermented enzymolysis soybean meal replaced 0 （ FM group） , 25% （ R25 group） , 50% （ R50 group） , 75% （ R75 group） and 100% of fish meal （ R100 group） （ the protein ratios of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soybean meal were 1∶0, 3 ∶1, 1∶1, 1∶3 and 0∶1, respectively） in five isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets, respectively. The oriental river prawn with the average body weight of （0.103 0±0.000 2） g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 50 prawns in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. After the feeding experiment, the prawns were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The results showed that weight gain rate and specific growth rate were the highest when the protein ratio of fish meal to fermented and enzymolysis soy-bean meal was 1∶1, and were significantly higher than those in the FM and R100 groups （ P〈0.05） , while no significant difference was observed in survival ratio among all groups （P〉0.05）. There were no significant differences in the activities of superoxide dismutase （ SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （ GSH-Px） and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in hepatopancreas among all groups （P〉0.05）. The total haemocyte count （ THC） and haemolymph phagocytic activity in the FM group were significantly higher than those in the R100 group （ P〈0.05） . The hepatopancreas heat shock cognate protein （ HSC70） mRNA relative expression level in the FM group was the highest, and significantly higher than that in the other groups （P〈0.05）, the same of heat shock protein 90 （ HSP90） in R25 group （ P〈0.05） . Additionally, the cumulative mortality was significantly increased when the

关 键 词：日本沼虾 发酵酶解豆粕 鱼粉 生长性能 免疫力 ORIENTAL RIVER PRAWN ( MACROBRACHIUM nipponense ) 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]