大豆节位和粒位对荚果厚度的影响  

Effect of Node and Seed Position on Pod Thickness Related Indexes in Soybean

作　　者：李得孝[1] 刘修杰 胡超[1] 陈见生 周和吾 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《大豆科学》2014年第6期841-847,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种专项(A212020921)

摘　　要：荚果厚度是伴随大豆鼓粒进程的重要外观指标,以生育期接近而荚粒数和结荚习性不同的冀豆12、邯豆5号、鲁96150和青鲜819-4为材料,定位连续测定标记荚果厚度,并通过二次函数模拟荚果厚度与花后天数的关系,研究了同龄荚果鼓粒始期、鼓粒终期,鼓粒持续期、最大荚果厚度和荚果增厚平均速率的节位效应和粒位效应。结果表明:同一品种最大荚果厚度的变异来源按效应大小排序为植株间>株内异节间,同节异荚间>同荚异粒间。2粒荚的粒位差异不显著,而多粒荚(3粒荚和4粒荚)存在明显的粒位效应,粒位优势顺序为荚果中部>远端>近荚柄端(基部)。强优势籽粒表现为鼓粒启动早、荚果增厚速率高、最大荚果厚度大、不容易发生败育等发育特征。亚有限型品种的荚果两端籽粒更容易出现败育。研究结果为大豆灌浆特性研究中合理使用荚果厚度指标提供了参考依据,同时也拓展了大豆鼓粒性状的空间位置效应的认识。Pod thickness is a shape indicator in accordance with seed-filling process of soybean[Glycine max（ L.） Merri. ].Four soybean lines with sub-indeterminate or determinate habit,different seed number of pods and similar growth period,including Jidou 12,Handou 5,Ludou 96150 and Qingxian 819-4,were served as materials. Thickness of tagged pods was measured continuously,and relationship between pod thickness and days after flowering was simulated with quadratic function to explore node effect and seed effect of seed-bulging related traits,including starting point,final point and duration of seed-bulging,maximum pod thickness and average rate of pod thickening. The results showed that,based on the effect sequence,sources of variation of tagged pod thickness were showed as inter-plant 〉inter-node within plant,inter-pod within node inter-seed within pod. No difference of seed position effect was detected in 2-seeded pods,but significant difference of seed position effect in 3-seeded pods and 4-seeded pods,with seed position advantage sequencing by middle seed（ s） distal seed seed near to pod stalk within a pod. The advantage seed was characterized as early seed bulging,higher seed-bulging rate and maximal pod thickness,as well as less potential of early termination of seed development. The seeds at both ends of the pod were apt to early terminate in the sub-indeterminate soybean lines. Those results will help to measure the pod thickness appropriately in the research of soybean seed-filling characteristics and extend the knowledge of position effect in soybean seed-filling traits.

关 键 词：大豆 荚果厚度 函数拟合 节位效应 粒位效应 鼓粒期 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]