不同品种油用向日葵盐碱地栽培适应性分析  

Adaptability Analysis of Different Oil Sunflower Varieties to Saline-Alkali Soil

作　　者：杨满红[1,2] 融晓萍 张长生[3] 王积军[3] 贾利欣 马军成[4] 王志功[4] 张志军[5] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业技术推广站,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [3]全国农业技术推广服务中心,北京100125 [4]巴彦淖尔市农业技术推广站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [5]包头市种子管理站,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《内蒙古农业科技》2014年第5期1-4,10,共5页Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：农业部财政项目--盐碱地油葵栽培技术示范

摘　　要：为明确不同油用向日葵品种在河套灌区盐碱地的栽培适应性,收集国内外21个向日葵品种作为材料在灌区盐碱地进行栽培试验,采用主成分分析、聚类分析和逐步回归分析方法对主要农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:主成分分析中,生育天数、株高、茎粗、盘径4个因子的主成分特征值累计贡献率达91.23%,主成分归类当中第一类为单株个体因子,第二类为产量构成因子,第三类为单盘因子,第四类为生育期因子。聚类分析中,阀值为1 280时,21个品种聚为三类,第一类含7个品种,总体表现为中晚熟、籽实黑色、茎秆粗壮、籽仁率70%以上、百粒重6g左右、盘径大;第二类含11个品种,表现为早熟、矮秆、百粒重7g左右、叶片向上、茎粗、耐密植、籽仁率70%以上、籽粒黑色;第三类含3个品种,表现为早熟、矮秆、结实率高。逐步回归分析中茎粗、盘径、单盘粒数、单盘粒重、百粒重、籽仁率与产量有显著线性效应。In order to evaluate the adaptability of different oil sunflower varieties to saline-alkali soil in He Tao area of Inner Mongolia,twenty one varieties of sunflower from domestic and abroad were chosen to cultivate on saline-alkali in the irrigated area. The main agronomic traits were evaluated by principal component analysis, cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of factors of growth days,plant height,stem diameter,head diameter,their component reached 91.23%, and in principal components classify, the first category was individual factor,the second was the factor of yield component,the third was single head factor,the fourth was growth period factor. In the cluster analysis,when the threshold value was 1 280,twenty one of varieties were divided into three categories,the first category contained 7 varieties with the performances of moderate-late-maturity,black seeds,strong haulm, larger disc diameter, and the rate of seed kernel was more than 70%,the 100-seed weight was 6g. A total of 11 varieties belonged to the second category, and the performance trait were early maturity, short stem,leaf upword,stem stocky,dense planting,grain black, the rate of seed kernel was more than 70%, 100-seed weight was 7g. The third category contains 3 varieties and were characterized by early maturity,short stalk,high seed setting rate. In stepwise regression analysis, significant linear effect was observed between the yield and the stem diameter ,disc diameter,single plate grain number,single plate grain weight,100-seed weight and rate of seed kernel.

关 键 词：盐碱地 油用向日葵 品种 栽培 适应性 

分 类 号：S565[农业科学—作物学]