可瓷化阻燃耐火硅橡胶研究进展  

Development ofceramificable silicone rubber for flame retardancy and fire-resisting materials

作　　者：季辰焘 王金合[1] 宋佳男 杨明瑾[1] 施利毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学纳米科学与技术研究中心,上海200444

出　　处：《功能材料》2015年第4期4001-4008,共8页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：2014年度上海市青年科技英才杨帆计划资助项目(14YF1408800);2012年上海大学"创新基金"资助项目(sdcx2012035);上海市先进复合材料设计与制造专业技术服务平台资助(12DZ2292100)

摘　　要：可瓷化阻燃耐火硅橡胶复合材料是一种新型的防火材料,是在硅橡胶基体中加入无机矿物粉末填料,结构控制剂和其它助剂等制备而成的耐火、阻燃材料。这种材料在常温下具有一般聚合物的优良性能,在遇到高温或是火焰烧蚀时,硅橡胶复合材料可形成坚硬的陶瓷保护层,起到隔绝火焰和防火的作用,从而保证了在火灾情况下电力和通信的正常工作。系统的介绍了硅橡胶基体的分解机理,可瓷化耐火硅橡胶的耐火机理和阻燃机理,总结了包括云母、碳酸钙、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁在内的无机填料在陶瓷化过程中的作用和对复合材料的影响,且在这些基础上对可瓷化耐火硅橡胶今后的发展方向做了展望。Ceramic silicone rubber fire-resisting material had been proved to be a new fireproof composite.The new type of flame retardant material consists of silicone rubber as the base polymer,to which inorganic clay mineraloid powder filler,dispersant agent and other additives were added.The behaviors of ceramifiable com-posite are similar with common polymer in normal temperature while in high temperature or in flame it converts into a rigid ceramic protective layer.This protective layer plays an important role in cutting off the flame and temperature,thus ensures normal transmission of power and message under fire conditions.The paper system-atically introduces pyrolysis mechanism of silicone rubber matrix,fire-resisting mechanism of ceramifiable com-posites,functions of inorganic fillers like mica,calcium carbonate,aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hy-droxide in the ceramic process and their influence on the ceramifiable silicone rubber composite.On this basis, the paper gives an outlook of the ceramifiable silicone composite.

关 键 词：可瓷化聚合物 耐火机理 硅橡胶 无机填料 

分 类 号：TQ334.9[化学工程—橡胶工业]