适用于月面高温环境的嫦娥三号地形地貌相机热设计  

Thermal Control Design for Topography Camera of Chang′e-3 Under High Temperature Environment of Lunar Surface

作　　者：宋馨[1] 张有为[1] 周向东[2] 刘自军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]中国科学院光电技术研究所,成都610209

出　　处：《中国空间科学技术》2014年第6期65-71,共7页Chinese Space Science and Technology

摘　　要："嫦娥三号"月面探测器上安装的地形地貌相机工作时直接暴露在月面高温环境下,受月表红外辐射影响很大,给热控设计带来很大难题。为解决设备工作时的高温问题,在外热流分析的基础上提出了以"最佳散热位置"为核心的热控方案,设备处于"最佳散热位置"时能够获得较好的初始温度和最快的降温速率;另外通过把散热面布置在月表红外辐射热流最小的位置并在除散热面以外的其他表面包覆多层隔热组件这两个措施,可以最大程度减小月表红外辐射的影响。地形地貌相机在轨开机工作前的各飞行阶段遥测数据均满足存储温度指标要求并且有较大余量;开机工作环拍一周的遥测数据满足工作温度指标要求并且与热分析结果符合较好,初始温度与遥测温度数据偏差为-1.7℃,温升速率和降温速率偏差分别为14.9%和16.9%。这表明该热控方案正确可行,可为后续中国深空探测类似热控问题参考。Topography camera of Chang＇e-3 probe is installed directly exposed to the high temperature environment of the lunar surface. The high temperature environment is great challenge to the thermal control design. To solve the high temperature problem, the best-radiation-position was presented as the core of thermal design based on the heat flow analysis. The topography camera could obtain suitable initial temperature and fastest cooling rate when it was located at the best position. Meanwhile, the infrared radiation of the lunar surface was reduced as much as possible by arranging the radiator position appropriately and wrapping the camera with multilayer insulation. The telemetry data of the topography camera meet the requirements of the storage stage temperature and have a large margin. Considering one-circle photograph, the topography camera temperature meets the operating temperature requirements, and the results are in good control design for the topography camera devices with similar problems of the deep agreement with the thermal analysis. The thermal is proved to be correct and can be referred by the space exploration field.

关 键 词：热控设计 月面环境 散热面 地形地貌相机 月面探测器 嫦娥三号 

分 类 号：TU271.1[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]