从良田到泽薮:南四湖“沉粮地”的历史考察  

From Farmland to Lake:Research on Chenliang Land in Lake Nansihu

作　　者：李德楠[1] 胡克诚[2] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴师范学院历史文化旅游学院,江苏淮安223300 [2]聊城大学运河学研究院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2014年第4期116-128,共13页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社科基金"明清黄运地区的河工建设与生态环境变迁研究"(11BZS078)

摘　　要："沉粮地"前身是清康熙、乾隆时期的"沉地"、"沉田"、"水沉地亩"或"水深难涸地亩",民国初年始见"沉粮地"的称谓。"沉粮地"是官方认定的免税地,乾隆中期两次豁免赋税,赋予了其法定免税的财政属性。与"沉粮地"相对的是"缓征地",后者虽未经认定,仍保有纳税之名,但实际上也不纳税。"沉粮地"的形成深受黄运地区水环境变迁以及国家漕运政策、河工建设等因素的影响,其形成过程与南四湖的塑造过程同时进行,由此而发生的土地利用方式的变化,都是适应这一地区生态系统变化的结果。＂Chenliang Land＂, the former titles of which in the early Kangxi and Qianlongs reigns of the Qing Dynasty were Chendi, Chentian, Shuichendimu, or Shuishennanhedi and which was used to refer to the farmland flooded by water for a long time, was exempted the land tax twice in the mid- die of Qianlong＇s reign and thus was given the fiscal feature free of land tax. The time when the calling of Chendi changed into Chenliang land should happen during the early Period of Republic of China. What was Closely related with the concept of Chenliang Land was ＂Huanzheng Land＂, which actually bore no land tax although it was not confirmed legally and still had the nominal land tax. Chenliang Land＇s coming into being was deeply influenced by the transformation of the water environment in the area of the Yellow River and the Grand Canal, the state policy of the Grain Transportation, the con- struction work concerned with the river, and so on. The forming process of Chenliang Land went to- gether with that of Nansihu lake. All those changes were the adaptation to this district＇s ecosystem changes.

关 键 词：沉粮地 缓征地 南四湖 历史时期 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]