铂族金属铑的合金化活化溶解规律及其机理  

Rules and mechanism of alloying activation dissolution of platinum group metals rhodium

作　　者：董海刚[1,2] 陈家林[1] 赵家春[1,2] 范兴祥[1,2] 吴跃东[1] 李博捷[1] 刘杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明贵金属研究所,云南昆明650106 [2]贵研铂业股份有限公司稀贵金属综合利用新技术国家重点实验室,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第11期3746-3751,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)项目(2012AA063203)~~

摘　　要：对铂族金属铑添加金属铝粉进行合金化活化溶解规律及机理进行研究。采用XRD和SEM等技术对铝铑合金经稀酸溶出铝后所得的粉末状铑物料的微观结构物及相组成进行表征。研究结果表明:在铝粉与铑质量比为10、合金化活化温度为1 200℃、活化时间为120 min的条件下所得铝铑合金经稀酸溶出铝,所得铑物料采用王水溶解,铑的溶解率达到99%以上;该过程的机理主要在于铝铑合金经稀酸溶出铝后,所得铑物料粒度变细,处于高度分散状态,晶体结晶程度较差,晶格存在缺陷,具备较高的反应活性;该铑物料通过王水溶解,实现了铑的高效溶解。Alloying activation dissolution of rhodium by adding metal aluminum powder was studied out. The microstructure and mineral phase composition of powder rhodium material obtained from the material leached by dilute acid were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that, under the conditions of mass ratio of Al to Rh of 10,alloying activation temperature of 1 200 ℃ and activation time of 90 min, an Al-Rh alloy is obtained, which is leached to remove Al by dilute acid, and the leached product is dissolved by aqua regia, and the Rh dissolution is above 99%. The mechanism of the process is that after Al being dissolved out in the Al-Rh alloy, the obtained rhodium material has fine particle size, high dispersion state, incomplete crystalline, lattice defects and high reactivity. The obtained rhodium material is dissolved by aqua regia, realizing high efficient solution of rhodium.

关 键 词：铑 合金化活化 溶解 

分 类 号：TF837[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]