遮目鱼幼鱼鳃线粒体丰富细胞的形态结构及其在不同盐度下的变化  

The Morphological Structure of Mitochondrion-rich Cells in the Gills of Juveniles of the Milkfish(Chanos chanos) and Its Changes in Various Salinities

作　　者：区又君[1] 林先智 李加儿[1] 温久福[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2014年第12期1622-1629,共8页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(批准号:A201200E02)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：该实验通过普通光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的方法,研究不同盐度条件下(盐度0、10、20、27、35)广盐性海水鱼类遮目鱼(Chanos chanos)幼鱼鳃器官结构和鳃上线粒体丰富细胞分布及结构的变化。鳃线粒体丰富细胞呈椭圆形或卵圆形,内含有大量线粒体,细胞核较大。在不同盐度条件下,遮目鱼幼鱼出现两种鳃线粒体丰富细胞:一种是具有顶端小窝、线粒体体积较大的A型线粒体丰富细胞;另一种是单独存在、线粒体体积较小的B型线粒体丰富细胞。随着盐度降低,A型线粒体丰富细胞及其线粒体数量减少、体积减小,电子密度降低,顶端开口变小甚至关闭。盐度降至淡水条件下,鳃小片肿胀、脱落,鳃小片上增生出具有大面积平滑或波状的顶端开口的B型线粒体丰富细胞。结果表明,在高渗环境下,A型线粒体丰富细胞较为丰富和发达,其结构特征适应了离子分泌的功能,为海水型线粒体丰富细胞;在低渗环境下,B型线粒体丰富细胞较为丰富,其结构特征适应了离子吸收的功能,为淡水型线粒体丰富细胞。不同结构类型鳃线粒体丰富细胞的存在使得广盐性海水鱼类可以适应较广的盐度范围变化。The distribution and changes of the mitochondrion-rich cells in gills and changes in gills of juveniles of seawater-acclimated milkfish Chanos chanos under different salinities （0, 10, 20, 27, 35 g/L） were studied by light micrograph, transmission electron micrograph and scanning electron micrograph. Mitochondrion- rich cells with large number of mitochondria and large nucleus were oval or ovoid in gills. Two types of mitochondrion-rich cells in gills of juveniles of milkfish were observed when acclimated to various salinities： type A mitochondrion-rich cells with apical crypts and larger mitochondria; type B mitochondrion-rich cell which was a single cell with smaller mitochondria. With the reduction of salinity, the number and size of mitochondrion-rich cells and mitochondria were reduced, electron density was decreased and the apical opening of mitochondria was narrower or closed. When milkfishes were transferred to fresh water, hypertrophy was observed on branchial lamellae, and type B mitochondrion-rich cells with large area apical membrane appeared as a flat or wavy disk with a mesh-like structure on its surface were observed on branchial lamellae. The results indicated that type A mitochondrion-rich cells would be rich and well developmented in hypertonic environment. Type B mitochondrion- rich cells would be rich in hypotonic environment. So, type A and type B mitochondrion-rich cells were considered to be seawater-acclimation type and freshwater-acclimation type respectively, for their structural characteristics adapted in ion intake and secretion functions. Meanwhile, the existing of different types of mitochondrion-rich cells in gills can make euryhaline marine teleost adapt to a wider range changes of salinities.

关 键 词：遮目鱼 鳃 线粒体丰富细胞 盐度 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]