绝经后女性急性冠脉综合征患者的临床特点和危险因素分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics and risk factors of female postmenopausal ACS patients

作　　者：崔琳琳[1] 高国杰[1] 丁力平[1] 靳志涛[1] 胡桃红[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第二炮兵总医院心内科,北京市100088

出　　处：《中国心血管病研究》2015年第1期47-50,共4页Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Research

摘　　要：目的 探讨绝经后女性急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者的临床特点及危险因素.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2013年12月我院明确诊断为ACS的138例绝经后女性住院患者与259例男性住院患者的临床特点及相关危险因素.结果 ①绝经后女性ACS患者发病年龄大[（62.75±8.62）岁比（56.29±10.20）岁],发病到就诊时间长[（132.30±39.56）h比（105.96±42.01）h],出现典型胸痛症状者较少（女性68.84％,男性81.47％）,两组比较差异均有统计意义（P＜0.05）.②绝经后女性ACS患者易合并糖尿病、高血压（女性组分别为44.93％、78.99％;男性组分别为22.01％、61.00％）,两组比较差异有统计意义（P＜0.05）.③绝经后女性ACS患者选择手术治疗（PCI或CABG）者少于男性组（53.62％比66.02％）.造影提示女性组重度或闭塞病变较男性组发生率高（54.05％比45.03％）,多支病变较男性组发生率高（78.38％比60.82％）,两组比较差异有统计意义（P＜0.05）.结论 绝经后女性ACS患者发病症状不典型,冠脉病变较重,其范围及严重程度与多项心血管危险因素相关,积极诊治率低,需加强对绝经后女性ACS患者的防治.Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of postmenopausal women with ACS. Methods 397 patients diagnosed as ACS admitted in our hospital during 2012-2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics and risk factors of 138 cases of postmenopansal women with ACS and 259 cases of male patients with ACS. Results （1）Postmenopausal women with ACS are older than men [（62.75± 8.62）y vs （56.29±10.20）y]. The time from beginning symptom to arriving hospital in women patients are longer than that in men [（132.30±39.56）h vs （105.96±42.01）h]. Typical chest pain symptoms in women patients are lesser（68.84% vs 81.47%, P〈0.05）. （2）Postmenopausal women with ACS are more accompanied by diabetes, hypertension （F： 44.93%,78.99%,M：22.01%,61.00%, P〈0.05）. （3）Postmenopansal women with ACS are less than men in choosing PCI and CABG therapy （53.62% vs 66.02% ）. Angiography showed that women with severe or occlusion lesions （54.05% vs 45.03%） and multivessel disease （78.38% vs 60.82%）are more than men （P〈 0.05 ）.Conclusion Symptoms in postmenopausal women with ACS are not typical. Their coronary artery disease is heavy. The extent and severity are related to a number of cardiovascular risk factors. The rate of diagnosis and treatment is low. We should strengthen the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal women with ACS.

关 键 词：绝经后女性 急性冠脉综合征 特点 危险因素 

分 类 号：R543.3[医药卫生—心血管疾病]